The internal exposure of Taiwanese to phthalate - An evidence of intensive use of plastic materials
The internal exposure of Taiwanese to phthalate - An evidence of intensive use of plastic materials
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2007.07.004
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Mao, I-Fang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Mei-Lien;Chen, Jing-Shieng;Mao, I-Fang
邻苯二甲酸酯广泛用于工业和消费品。邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DBP）显示出邻苯二甲酸酯中最大的生殖毒性。本研究的目的是借由模拟食物处理的方式，来检测聚氯乙烯薄膜中邻苯二甲酸酯的迁移量，并揭示台湾人体内邻苯二甲酸酯的负担。为了估计邻苯二甲酸酯迁移的最差情况，用聚氯乙烯（PVC）薄膜覆盖食品，然后微波加热。结果显示，加热3分钟后，食物中的DEHP含量显著增加。在加热条件下，计算摄入的邻苯二甲酸酯和每日耐受摄入量（TDI，基于体重60公斤）的百分比从吃一个400克的膳食为1705.6微克和92.2%的DEHP。对60例受试者的尿液代谢物进行测定，发现90%以上的样本可检出邻苯二甲酸单甲酯（MMP）、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（MBP）和邻苯二甲酸单乙基己酯（MEHP）。值得注意的是，估计每日摄入DEHP的中位数已达到欧洲联盟毒性、生态毒性和环境科学委员会（CSTEE）（1998年）确定的TDI的91.6%。37%的研究人群超过TDI，85%超过美国环保局的参考剂量（RfD）。我们的结论是，台湾人的DEHP身体负担反映了该地区塑料材料的密集使用。PVC用于食品制备的法规是必要的。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Phthalates are widely used in industry and consumer products. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butylphthalate (DBP) show the greatest potency of reproductive toxicants among phthalates. The purposes of this study are to examine the migration level of phthalate from PVC films by simulating food handling and to reveal the body burden of phthalate for Taiwanese. In order to estimate a worst-case of phthalate migration, food was covered with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films and then microwave heated. Results show that DEHP level in food increased significantly after heating for 3 min. Under the heating condition, the calculated intake of phthalate and the percentage of the tolerable daily intake (TDI, based on body weight of 60 kg) from eating one 400-g meal were 1705.6 mu g and 92.2% for DEHP. Determination of urinary metabolites from 60 subjects reveals more than 90% of samples were detectable for mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), mono-butyl phthalate (MBP) and mono-ethythexyl phthalate (MEHP). Notably, the median value of estimated daily intake of DEHP had reached 91.6% of TDI established by the European Union Scientific Committee for Toxicity, Ecotoxicity and the Environment (CSTEE) (1998). Thirty-seven percent of the study population exceeded the TDI and 85% exceeded the reference dose (RfD) of the US EPA. We conclude that the body burden of DEHP for Taiwanese reflects the intensives use of plastic materials in the region. The regulation of PVC for food preparation is necessary. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.