Interprovenance variation in the composition of Moringa oleifera oilseeds from Pakistan
Interprovenance variation in the composition of Moringa oleifera oilseeds from Pakistan
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DOI：
10.1007/s11746-005-1041-1
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bhanger, MI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anwar, F;Ashraf, M;Bhanger, MI
研究了巴基斯坦辣木油料种子组成的种源间变异。M.在费萨拉巴德农业大学（旁遮普，巴基斯坦）、Bahauddin Zakariya大学（木尔坦，巴基斯坦）和Jamshoro的信德大学（信德，巴基斯坦）附近收获的油茶种子的收获率为33.23 - 40.90%。蛋白质、纤维、水分和灰分含量分别为28.52- 34.00%、6.52- 7.50%、5.90- 7.00%和6.52- 7.50%。测定了提取物的理化参数。油茶油如下：碘值67.20-71.00;折光率（40 ℃）1.4570-1.4637;密度（24 ℃）0.9012-0.9052 mg/mL;皂化值177.29-184.10;不皂化物0.60-0.83%;颜色（1-in.电池），1.00-1.50R + 20.00-30.00Y;烟点，198-202 ℃;酸度（%以油酸计），0.50-0.74。生育酚（α、γ和δ）分别占油的114.50-140.42、58.05-86.70和54.20-75.16 mg/kg。原油的诱导期（Rancimat，20 L/h，120 ℃）为9.64-10.66 h，脱胶后缩短至8.29-9.10 h。在232和270 nm处的比吸收分别为1.80-2.50和0.54-1.00。甾醇组分主要为菜油甾醇（14.13-17.00%）、豆甾醇（15.88-19.00%）、β-谷甾醇（45.30-53.20%）和δ-燕麦甾醇（8.84，11.05%）。发现辣木油含有高水平的油酸（高达76.00%），其次是棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山嵛酸和花生酸，分别高达6.54%、6.00%、7.00%和4.00%的水平。M.巴基斯坦不同农业气候区的天然辣木油与文献中报道的典型辣木籽油相当。通过与不同植物油的分析结果比较，表明M。油茶是一种潜在的有价值的油料作物。
Interprovenance variation was examined in the composition of Moringa oleifera oilseeds from Pakistan. The hexane-extracted oil content of M. oleifera seeds harvested in the vicinity of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (Punjab, Pakistan), Bahauddin Zakariya University (Multan, Pakistan), and the University of Sindh, Jamshoro (Sindh, Pakistan), ranged from 33.23 to 40.90%. Protein, fiber, moisture, and ash contents were found to be 28.52-34.00, 6.52-7.50, 5.90-7.00, and 6.52-7.50%, respectively. The physical and chemical parameters of the extracted M. oleifera oils were as follows: iodine value, 67.20-71.00; refractive index (40 degrees C), 1.4570-1.4637; density (24 degrees C), 0.9012-0.9052 mg/mL; saponification value, 177.29-184.10; unsaponifiable matter, 0.60-0.83%; color (1-in. cell), 1.00-1.50R + 20.00-30.00Y; smoke point, 198-202 degrees C; and acidity (% as oleic acid), 0.50-0.74. Tocopherols (alpha, gamma, and delta) accounted for 114.50-140.42, 58.05-86.70, and 54.20-75.16 mg/kg, respectively, of the oils. The induction periods (Rancimat, 20 L/h, 120 degrees C) of the crude oils were 9.64-10.66 h and were reduced to 8.29-9.10 h after degumming. Specific extinctions at 232 and 270 nm were 1.80-2.50 and 0.54-1.00, respectively. The major sterol fractions of the oils were campesterol (14.13-17.00%), stigmasterol (15.88-19.00%), P-sitosterol (45.30-53.20%), and Delta(5)-avenasterol (8.84, 11.05%). The Moringa oils were found to contain high levels of oleic acid (up to 76.00%), followed by palmitic, stearic, behenic, and arachidic acids up to levels of 6.54, 6.00, 7.00, and 4.00%, respectively. Most of the parameters of M. oleifera oils indigenous to different agroclimatic regions of Pakistan were comparable to those of typical Moringa seed oils reported in the literature. The results of the present analytical study, compared with those for different vegetable oils, showed M. oleifera to be a potentially valuable oilseed crop.