Fragmentary blackouts: Their etiology and effect on alcohol expectancies
Fragmentary blackouts: Their etiology and effect on alcohol expectancies
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DOI：
10.1097/01.alc.0000062743.37558.c8
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Fromme, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartzler, B;Fromme, K
背景：片断性昏厥或醉酒事件的记忆丧失是大量饮酒的常见后遗症，但对其特征、相关性和后果的了解有限。因此，这项酒精管理研究解决了关于断片性昏厥的病因及其影响的问题。关于酒精的预期结果。方法：一个安慰剂对照设计，通过评估断片性昏厥的病因。饮酒前后的记忆形成。通过自我报告结果预期问卷和对饮料消费后提出的酒精概念的反应延迟测量，评估了片段性停电对酒精预期信念的影响。结果：尽管参与者在饮用饮料前的记忆指数表现相似，但那些报告过去片段性断片和饮酒的人在醉酒和解毒后尝试回忆叙述时，以及在醉酒期间提出的源记忆任务时，都表现出明显的困难。那些报告片断性昏厥的人也支持对一系列酒精影响的更强的结果预期，并在饮料管理后表现出更大的积极酒精概念。此外，来源回忆对中毒期间和解毒后的情景回忆以及接受酒精治疗的人的积极结果预期都有显著贡献。结论：研究结果表明，片段性断片是由于恢复能力差造成的，并且在饮酒后恢复能力出现个体差异。此外，一个人对物质来源方面的回忆——时间和社会背景——是一个重要的决定因素，它决定了人们对醉酒期间遇到的刺激和事件的回忆，以及对酒精积极作用的预期。这些共同的发现扩大了我们对酗酒这一复杂而常见的神经心理学后果的理解。
Background: Fragmentary blackouts, or memory loss for intoxicated events that may be later recalled with the provision of cues, are common sequelae of heavy drinking, yet understanding of their characteristics, correlates, and consequences is limited. Consequently, this alcohol-administration study addressed questions regarding the etiology of fragmentary blackouts and their effect. on alcohol outcome expectancies.Methods: A placebo-controlled design addressed the etiology of fragmentary blackouts through assessment of. memory formation before and after alcohol consumption. The effect of fragmentary blackouts on prospective beliefs about alcohol was assessed by way of a self-report outcome expectancy questionnaire and a measure of response-latency for alcohol concepts presented after beverage consumption.Results: Although participants performed similarly on memory indices before consuming beverages, those who reported past fragmentary blackouts and consumed alcohol displayed marked difficulty with recall of a narrative when this was attempted both during intoxication and after detoxification, as well as with a source memory task presented during intoxication. Those reporting fragmentary blackouts also endorsed stronger outcome expectancies for a range of alcohol effects and exhibited greater accessibility for positive alcohol concepts presented after beverage administration. Further, source recall contributed significantly to the episodic recall both during intoxication and after detoxification, as well as to positive outcome expectancies of those receiving alcohol.Conclusions: Findings suggest that fragmentary blackouts result from poor retrieval and that individual differences in retrieval emerge after alcohol is consumed. Further, one's recall of source aspects of material-its time and social context-is an important determinant of recall of stimuli and events encountered during intoxication, as well as of prospective expectations for positive alcohol effects. The collective findings expand our understanding of this complex yet common neuropsychological consequence of heavy drinking.