Impact of Rice Tariffication on Japan and the World Rice Market
Impact of Rice Tariffication on Japan and the World Rice Market
复制标题
大米关税对日本和世界大米市场的影响
DOI：
10.2307/1244099
复制
发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
E. Wailes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. L. Cramer;J. Hansen;E. Wailes
自1994年以来，世界贸易组织（WTO）的乌拉圭回合协定和其他贸易协定，如北美自由贸易协定和南方共同市场，为美国和世界大米贸易的增长做出了贡献。然而，大米仍然是受保护程度最高的农产品之一，几个发展中国家目前的关税率从50%到230%不等。大米的保护主义政策包括关税、关税配额、国家贸易和各种国内政府计划（Amponsah、Colyer和Jolly）。在乌拉圭回合协议实施之前，日本和韩国几乎完全禁止进口大米。为了开始开放这些市场，乌拉圭回合规定了特别的最低市场准入规则，目标是最终转向关税化。日本的关税化宽限期为6年（1995年至2000年），韩国为10年（1995年至2004年）。韩国获得了额外的关税化时间，
The Uruguay Round Agreement of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and other trade agreements, such as NAFTA and MERCOSUR, have contributed to the increase in U.S. and world rice trade since 1994. Rice, however, continues to be one of the most highly protected agricultural commodities, with current tariff rates in several developing countries ranging from 50% to 230%. Protectionist policies for rice include tariffs, tariff rate quotas, state trading, and various domestic government programs (Amponsah, Colyer, and Jolly). Before implementation of the Uruguay Round Agreement, Japan and South Korea maintained an almost complete ban on rice imports. To begin opening these markets, the Uruguay Round provided special minimum market access (MA) rules with the goal of eventually shifting to tariffication. The grace period for tariffication was set at six years for Japan (1995 to 2000) and ten years for South Korea (1995 to 2004). South Korea received additional time for tariffication and a lower