Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica
Phylotypic Characterization of Mycobionts and Photobionts of Rock Tripe Lichen in East Antarctica
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DOI：
10.3390/microorganisms7070203
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Naganuma, Takeshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Faluaburu, Merry Sailonga;Nakai, Ryosuke;Naganuma, Takeshi
对生长在南极东部山地岩石上的石质成熟地衣进行了系统型分析，分析了其组成菌体（真菌）和光体（藻类和蓝藻）。形成地衣的岩石三种真菌和藻类系统类型被划分为子囊菌的常见地衣属，即脐带藻，绿藻的常见地衣属，即Trebouxia和Coccomyxa。然而，绿藻叶绿体的种型和与地衣相关的蓝藻显示出出乎意料的高多样性。检测到的叶绿体种型不完全隶属于绿藻属Trebouxia或Coccomyxa。主要的叶绿体种型显示出最大的相似性，这既不是一个已知的南极物种，也不是一个典型的地衣光生物。另一个优势叶绿体种型属于非典型南极绿藻科。蓝藻的种型主要是那些与Microcoleus物种有关的物种，而不是众所周知的地衣相关物种Nostoc物种。在南极特别保护区（ASPA）之一的Yukidori Valley遗址中，这些与microcolus相关的蓝藻种型的出现尤其丰富。ASPA位点和另一个50公里远的位点产生了叶绿体和蓝藻的大部分隐型多样性，这可能有助于岩石tripe地衣光生物的表型变异。
Saxicolous rock ripe lichens that grow on rocks in the East Antarctic fellfields were sampled for phylotypic characterization of its constituent mycobionts (fungi) and photobionts (algae and cyanobacteria). The rock tripe lichen-forming fungal and algal phylotypes were classified under the common lichen-forming genera of ascomycetes, namely, Umbilicaria, and green algae, namely, Trebouxia and Coccomyxa. However, phylotypes of the green algal chloroplasts and the lichen-associated cyanobacteria showed unexpectedly high diversity. The detected chloroplast phylotypes were not fully affiliated with the green algal genera Trebouxia or Coccomyxa. The predominant chloroplast phylotype demonstrated maximum resemblance to Neglectella solitaria, which is neither a known Antarctic species nor a typical lichen photobiont. Another dominant chloroplast phylotype belonged to the atypical Antarctic green algae family. Cyanobacterial phylotypes were dominated by those affiliated with the Microcoleus species rather than the well-known lichen-associates, Nostoc species. The occurrences of these Microcoleus-affiliated cyanobacterial phylotypes were specifically abundant within the Yukidori Valley site, one of the Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPA). The ASPA site, along with another 50 km-distant site, yielded most of the cryptic diversity in the phylotypes of chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, which may contribute to the phenotypic variability within the rock tripe lichen photobionts.