Aging, practice, and perceptual tasks: A diffusion model analysis
Aging, practice, and perceptual tasks: A diffusion model analysis
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.353
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
McKoon, Gail
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ratcliff, Roger;Thapar, Anjali;McKoon, Gail
在掩蔽字母辨别任务和掩蔽亮度辨别任务中，对大学年龄和60-75岁的受试者进行了练习效果的检验。扩散模型(Ratcliff，1978)适用于反应时间和准确度数据，并用于从数据中提取加工成分的估计。与年轻受试者相比，年龄较大的受试者在开始实验时表现得更慢、更不准确；然而，在不同的阶段，他们的准确性提高了，因为他们做出决定所依据的信息的质量得到了改善，这一点，加上决策标准的降低，导致了更短的反应时间。在亮度(而不是字母)辨别任务上，在4个实验结束时，年长受试者的表现与年轻受试者相当，只是他们的非决定成分的加工速度略慢。这些分析说明了指定良好的模型如何提供数据的多个方面的统一视图，这些数据通常是单独解释的。
Practice effects were examined in a masked letter discrimination task and a masked brightness discrimination task for college-age and 60- to 75-year-old subjects. The diffusion model (Ratcliff, 1978) was fit to the response time and accuracy data and used to extract estimates of components of processing from the data. Relative to young subjects, the older subjects began the experiments with slower and less accurate performance; however, across sessions their accuracy improved because the quality of the information on which their decisions were based improved, and this, along with reduced decision criteria, led to shorter response times. For the brightness, but not the letter, discrimination task, the older subjects' performance matched that of the younger group by the end of 4 sessions, except that their nondecision components of processing were slightly slower. These analyses illustrate how a well-specified model can provide a unified view of multiple aspects of data that are often interpreted separately.