Berbers and Arabs: Tracing the genetic diversity and history of Southern Tunisia through genome wide analysis
Berbers and Arabs: Tracing the genetic diversity and history of Southern Tunisia through genome wide analysis
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.24139
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发表时间：
2020-09-16
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Destro Bisol, Giovanni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anagnostou, Paolo;Dominici, Valentina;Destro Bisol, Giovanni
目标 自史前时代以来，突尼斯一直是非洲、欧洲和中东人民的十字路口。目前居住着阿拉伯人和柏柏尔人两个主要民族和几个少数民族。这项研究旨在利用新的群体采样和全基因组方法来增进有关其遗传结构的知识。材料和方法我们研究了来自突尼斯南部的三个柏柏尔人和两个阿拉伯人群的基因组变异、估计的祖先成分和约会的混合事件，挖掘了包括中东、撒哈拉以南和欧洲人群的数据集。结果 北非、阿拉伯和欧洲血统比例的差异以及混合和隔离的不同影响决定了突尼斯南部人群遗传结构的显着异质性。混合时间估计显示了混合事件的多层模式，涉及两个民族语言群体，该混合事件始于十一世纪中叶左右，持续了近五个世纪。讨论 我们的研究提供的证据表明，突尼斯南部的北非新老居民的遗传和文化多样性之间的关系遵循不同的模式。尽管伊斯兰化、阿拉伯文化影响和语言多样性，柏柏尔人似乎仍然保留了他们共同基因组遗产的重要部分。与摩洛哥和阿尔及利亚相比，突尼斯南部的阿拉伯人保留了更高水平的阿拉伯血统。这一点在半游牧的拉巴亚人中表现得更为明显，他们保留了原始的贝都因人的生活方式，而在杜兹人中则更为明显，他们经历了多次分层和混合事件。
Objectives Tunisia has been a crossroads for people from Africa, Europe, and the Middle East since prehistoric times. At present, it is inhabited by two main ethnic groups, Arabs and Berbers, and several minorities. This study aims to advance knowledge regarding their genetic structure using new population samplings and a genome-wide approach. Materials and Methods We investigated genomic variation, estimated ancestry components and dated admixture events in three Berber and two Arab populations from Southern Tunisia, mining a dataset including Middle Eastern, sub-Saharan, and European populations. Results Differences in the proportion of North African, Arabian, and European ancestries and the varying impact of admixture and isolation determined significant heterogeneity in the genetic structure of Southern Tunisian populations. Admixture time estimates show a multilayer pattern of admixture events, involving both ethno-linguistic groups, which started around the mid XI century and lasted for nearly five centuries. Discussion Our study provides evidence that the relationships between genetic and cultural diversity of old and new inhabitants of North Africa in southern Tunisia follow different patterns. The Berbers seem to have preserved a significant part of their common genomic heritage despite Islamization, Arab cultural influence, and linguistic diversity. Compared to Morocco and Algeria, southern Tunisian Arabs have retained a higher level of Arabian ancestry. This is more evident in the semi-nomad R'Baya, who have kept their original Bedouin lifestyle, than in the population from Douz, who have undergone multiple events of stratification and admixture.