Partisan Perceptual Bias and the Information Environment
Partisan Perceptual Bias and the Information Environment
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DOI：
10.1017/s0022381612000187
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Barabas, Jason
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jerit, Jennifer;Barabas, Jason
当信念偏离现实时，就会出现感知偏差。民主党人和共和党人被认为特别容易受到这种偏见信息处理的影响。然而，我们对“性能问题”领域之外感知偏见的普遍性知之甚少（例如。例如，在一个实施例中，失业、通货膨胀）或个人层面的党派动机如何与信息环境相互作用。我们在两项研究中调查了这些问题，这些研究考察了跨越二十年的各种政治话题的感知偏见。使用调查数据，以及与不同的科目的实验，我们证明，人们感知世界的方式与他们的政治观点一致。其结果是一种选择性的学习模式，在这种模式中，游击队员对证实他们世界观的事实有更高的知识水平，而对挑战他们的事实有较低的知识水平。这种基本关系在媒体高度报道的主题上被夸大了。
Perceptual bias occurs when beliefs deviate from reality. Democrats and Republicans are thought to be especially susceptible to this type of biased-information processing. And yet we know little about the pervasiveness of perceptual bias outside the domain of "performance issues" (e. g., unemployment, inflation) or how individual-level partisan motivation interacts with the information environment. We investigate these issues in two studies that examine perceptual bias on a wide range of political topics spanning two decades. Using survey data as well as an experiment with diverse subjects, we demonstrate that people perceive the world in a manner consistent with their political views. The result is a selective pattern of learning in which partisans have higher levels of knowledge for facts that confirm their world view and lower levels of knowledge for facts that challenge them. This basic relationship is exaggerated on topics receiving high levels of media coverage.