Saturn's very axisymmetric magnetic field: No detectable secular variation or tilt

Saturn's very axisymmetric magnetic field: No detectable secular variation or tilt
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土星的轴对称磁场:没有可检测到的长期变化或倾斜

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2011.02.035
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Cao H
Cao H
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cao H

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土星是太阳系中唯一一颗观测到的磁场高度轴对称的行星。发电机产生的磁场至少需要与完美对称性有很小的偏差。通过分析卡西尼号在土星附近获得的磁力计六年多的数据,我们发现土星观测到的磁场比之前认为的更加轴对称。我们将在“无电流”内部磁层中获得的磁力计观测结果反演为内部模型,改变土星深层内部假设的未知旋转速率。没有检测到明确的非轴对称磁矩,偶极子倾斜的新上限为 0.06°。轴对称内模型,施密特归一化球谐系数 g10=21,191±24nT,g20=1586±7nT。 g30=2374±47nT 由这些测量得出,轴度 4 和 5 项的上限分别为 720nT 和 3200nT。过去 30 年的长期变化在 1 到 3 度每项的可能误差范围内,并且上限比 1 度和 2 度的类似地球项小一个数量级。已提出在土星发电机区域上方差动旋转导电稳定层来使磁场对称(Stevenson,1982)。偶极子倾斜的新上限意味着这个稳定层的厚度必须L>=4000km,并且这个厚度与我们弱的长期变化观测结果一致。
Saturn is the only planet in the solar system whose observed magnetic field is highly axisymmetric. At least a small deviation from perfect symmetry is required for a dynamo-generated magnetic field. Analyzing more than six years of magnetometer data obtained by Cassini close to the planet, we show that Saturn's observed field is much more axisymmetric than previously thought. We invert the magnetometer observations that were obtained in the “current-free” inner magnetosphere for an internal model, varying the assumed unknown rotation rate of Saturn's deep interior. No unambiguous non-axially symmetric magnetic moment is detected, with a new upper bound on the dipole tilt of 0.06°. An axisymmetric internal model with Schmidt-normalized spherical harmonic coefficients g10=21,191±24nT, g20=1586±7nT. g30=2374±47nT is derived from these measurements, the upper bounds on the axial degree 4 and 5 terms are 720nT and 3200nT respectively. The secular variation for the last 30years is within the probable error of each term from degree 1 to 3, and the upper bounds are an order of magnitude smaller than in similar terrestrial terms for degrees 1 and 2. Differentially rotating conducting stable layers above Saturn's dynamo region have been proposed to symmetrize the magnetic field (Stevenson, 1982). The new upper bound on the dipole tilt implies that this stable layer must have a thickness L>=4000km, and this thickness is consistent with our weak secular variation observations.
基于卡西尼号观测的土星内部行星磁场模型
DOI: --
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