Effects of soil characteristics and human disturbance on tiger beetle oviposition
Effects of soil characteristics and human disturbance on tiger beetle oviposition
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2009.01093.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Hafernik, John E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cornelisse, Tara M.;Hafernik, John E.
1.了解特定物种的栖息地要求在昆虫生态学中很重要。密切相关物种的共存可以提供对微生境隔离的洞察。虎甲虫非常适合于这种研究，因为它们以多物种的组合出现，表现出特定物种的栖息地要求，并且对人为的环境变化很敏感。本研究调查了美国加利福尼亚州雷耶斯角国家海岸的两种共地虎甲的产卵微生境选择，并评估了人类活动对这种选择的影响。Cicindela oregona分布广泛和常见，而C.hirticollis，一个未描述的亚种，在当地受到威胁。实验室实验测试了这两个物种的产卵地点选择，以响应水分、pH、盐度和颗粒大小的变化。田间实验测试了幼虫洞穴的位置对实验遮荫和实验人类干扰的响应。实验室结果表明，虽然雌性毛壳虫喜欢较窄的湿度和细沙，但白纹伊蚊对pH和盐度的要求更具体，更喜欢较粗的沙子。他们在活动的时间上也有所不同。偏好可能与防止真菌或细菌感染以及避免干燥和浸泡有关。在野外，这两个物种在实验遮荫下发现的幼虫洞穴明显更多。此外，人类反复压实沙子显著减少了幼虫的洞穴数量。结果表明，保护微生境、恢复原生植物和限制人流量是虎甲保护管理的关键。
1. Understanding species-specific habitat requirements is important in insect ecology. Co-occurrence of closely related species can provide insight into microhabitat segregation. Tiger beetles are well suited for such studies, as they occur in multi-species assemblages, exhibit species-specific habitat requirements, and are sensitive to anthropogenic modifications of the environment.2. This study investigated ovipositional microhabitat choice of two sympatric tiger beetles at Point Reyes National Seashore, California, U.S.A., and evaluates how human activity affects that choice. Cicindela oregona is widespread and common whereas C. hirticollis, an undescribed subspecies, is locally threatened. Laboratory experiments tested oviposition-site selection of the two species in response to variations in moisture, pH, salinity, and grain size. Field experiments tested larval burrow location in response to experimental shading and experimental human disturbance.3. Laboratory results indicated that while C. hirticollis females preferred a narrow range of moisture levels and fine sands, C. oregona females had more specific pH and salinity requirements and preferred coarser sands. They also differed in timing of activity. Preferences are probably related to prevention of fungal or bacterial infection and avoidance of desiccation and immersion.4. In the field, significantly more larval burrows were found under experimental shading for both species. In addition, repeated human compaction of the sand significantly decreased the number of larval burrows.5. Results suggest that protection of microhabitat, restoration of native plants, and limitation of human traffic are vital in the conservation management of tiger beetles.