The Evolutionary Interplay between Adaptation and Self-Fertilization.
The Evolutionary Interplay between Adaptation and Self-Fertilization.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tig.2017.04.002
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Glémin S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hartfield M;Bataillon T;Glémin S
通过下一代测序获得的全基因组核苷多态性调查发现了自受精生物适应的许多例子，特别是在气候、地理和生殖系统的变化方面。然而，用于推断适应性突变属性的现有模型通常假设理想化的异交群体，这有可能错误地描述这些变体的特性。最近的理论工作强调了自花受精的各个方面如何影响适应，但缺乏关于这些特性的经验数据。我们回顾了理论和实证研究，展示了自我受精如何改变适应过程，并使用当前测序项目的例子进行说明。我们提出了未来的研究如何更准确地量化自肥适应方面的想法，包括将站立变异，人口统计学历史和多基因适应的影响。对大规模下一代测序数据集的分析正在发现更多基因组水平上适应性进化的例子。理论工作的进展表明，与异交种相比，自花受精如何影响这些生物体适应的不同方面。目前的软件和统计方法没有考虑到不同的交配系统，这可能会错误地描述基因组扫描中适应性突变的存在或强度。开发新的数学和统计方法，明确考虑自受精和相关的人口效应，将使研究人员能够更准确地量化这些生物体的适应。
Genome-wide surveys of nucleotide polymorphisms, obtained from next-generation sequencing, have uncovered numerous examples of adaptation in self-fertilizing organisms, especially regarding changes to climate, geography, and reproductive systems. Yet existing models for inferring attributes of adaptive mutations often assume idealized outcrossing populations, which risks mischaracterizing properties of these variants. Recent theoretical work is emphasizing how various aspects of self-fertilization affects adaptation, yet empirical data on these properties are lacking. We review theoretical and empirical studies demonstrating how self-fertilization alters the process of adaptation, illustrated using examples from current sequencing projects. We propose ideas for how future research can more accurately quantify aspects of adaptation in self-fertilizers, including incorporating the effects of standing variation, demographic history, and polygenic adaptation. Analysis of large-scale next-generation sequencing datasets are finding more examples of adaptive evolution at the genomic level. Advances in theoretical work has demonstrated how self-fertilisation affects different aspects of adaptation in these organisms, compared to outcrossers. Current software and statistical methods do not take different mating systems into account, which risks mischaracterising the presence or strength of adaptive mutations from genome scans. Development of new mathematical and statistical methods that explicitly consider self-fertilization and associated demographic effects will enable researchers to more accurately quantify adaptation in these organisms.