AUTOMATICITY IN SPEECH-PERCEPTION - SOME SPEECH/NONSPEECH COMPARISONS
AUTOMATICITY IN SPEECH-PERCEPTION - SOME SPEECH/NONSPEECH COMPARISONS
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DOI：
10.1159/000261975
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
RALSTON, JV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JOHNSON, K;RALSTON, JV
三个实验使用语音的正弦波复制品来探索语音感知与一般听觉感知的一些差异。实验比较了听者对正弦波语音副本的语音感知和非语音感知在分类和辨别任务中的行为模式。我们假设对语音的感知是自动化的，而对不熟悉声音的感知则不是。第一个实验旨在研究使用合成/wa/-/ya/正弦波模拟连续体对相对较长的初始辅音过渡的感知。言语听者能对连续体进行分类，而非言语听者不能对连续体中的项目进行分类。在第二个实验中，语音和非语音听者都可以一致地对具有最后滑动的刺激进行分类（一个/ay/-/aw/正弦波复制连续体），但语音和非语音听者在识别函数的斜率、反应时间和环境影响方面存在差异。这些差异与语音感知是自动化的假设是一致的。在第三个实验中，非言语听者的辨别敏感性大于言语听者。观察到的结果模式表明，语音感知是由一个快速的、强制性的、自动的感知机制完成的。
Three experiments used sine-wave replicas of speech sounds to explore some differences between speech perception and general auditory perception. The experiments compared patterns of behavior in categorization and discrimination tasks for listeners reporting either speech or nonspeech percepts of sine-wave replicas of speech. We hypothesized that the perception of speech sounds is automatized, while the perception of less familiar sounds is not. The first experiment was designed to investigate the perception of relatively long initial consonant transitions using a synthetic /wa/-/ya/ sine-wave analog continuum. Speech listeners perceived the continuum categorically, but nonspeech listeners could not consistently categorize the items in the continuum. In the second experiment, both speech and nonspeech listeners could consistently categorize stimuli having final glides (an /ay/-/aw/ sine-wave replica continuum), but differences between speech and nonspeech listeners were found in the slopes of the identification functions, in reaction times, and in the effect of context. These differences are consistent with the hypothesis that speech perception is automatized. In the third experiment, nonspeech listeners' discrimination sensitivity was greater than speech listeners'. The observed pattern of results suggests that speech perception is accomplished by a fast, obligatory, and thus automatic perceptual mechanism.