Developmental origins of life history: Growth, productivity, and reproduction
Developmental origins of life history: Growth, productivity, and reproduction
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DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.20659
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kuzawa, Christopher W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuzawa, Christopher W.
现在有很多证据表明，早期营养不良会增加患心血管疾病等疾病的风险。不太清楚的是，除了对病理生理学的影响之外，代谢和生理学中潜在的发育可塑性是否进化为适应性功能。这篇综述从生活史理论的原则出发，提出了一个将早期环境与成年生物学联系起来的功能模型。一个有机体具有超过生存需求的代谢潜力，称为生产力，在生长停止后被分流到繁殖之前支持生长。种间研究的这一概念导致预测，可塑性的增长率将与未来的成年生殖支出的组成部分呈正相关。与此相一致的想法，证据审查，早期营养或生长速度预测后代的大小在女性，并增加体细胞的投资与生殖策略在男性。因此，人口出生体重和性别大小二型性预计将增加在早期营养的改善。代谢产物的连续性的一个显著特征是它不仅在生命周期内而且在几代人之间延续：在雌性中，生长率预测了未来生殖中的营养投资，这反过来又决定了下一代的胎儿生长率。生长和繁殖作为相互定义的模板，从而建立了一个表型桥梁，使生态信息在个体发育过程中得以维持，并传递给后代。根据母体营养提示重置代谢产物可能有助于实现更广泛的目标，即在母系中整合营养信息，从而为调整长期战略提供更可靠的基础。
There is now much evidence that early life undernutrition elevates risk of diseases like cardiovascular disease. Less clear is whether the underlying developmental plasticity in metabolism and physiology evolved to serve an adaptive function, beyond these effects on pathophysiology. This review builds from principles of life history theory to propose a functional model linking early environments with adult biology. An organism has metabolic potential in excess of survival requirements, called productivity, that supports growth before being shunted into reproduction after growth ceases. This concept from inter-specific studies leads to the prediction that plasticity in growth rate will be positively correlated with components of future adult reproductive expenditure. Consistent with this idea, evidence is reviewed that early nutrition or growth rate predict offspring size in females, and increased somatic investment related to reproductive strategy in males. Thus, population birth weight and sexual size dimorphism are predicted to increase in response to improvements in early nutrition. A striking feature of the continuity of metabolic production is its perpetuation not merely during the lifecycle but across generations: in females, growth rate predicts future nutritional investment in reproduction, which in turn determines fetal growth rate in the next generation. Growth and reproduction serve as mutually-defining templates, thus creating a phenotypic bridge allowing ecologic information to be maintained during ontogeny and transmitted to offspring. Resetting of metabolic production in response to maternal nutritional cues may serve a broader goal of integrating nutritional information within the matriline, thus providing a more reliable basis for adjusting long-term strategy.