Observational Park-based physical activity studies: A systematic review of the literature.
Observational Park-based physical activity studies: A systematic review of the literature.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.06.016
复制
发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Maddock JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joseph RP;Maddock JE
本文报告了基于公园的观察性体育活动 (PA) 研究的系统回顾的结果。 2015 年 7 月，我们对五个电子数据库和 Active Living Research 网站进行了检索，以找出相关文章。如果研究满足以下条件，则纳入研究：a) 报告在自由生活条件下在户外公园环境中收集的观察数据，b) 报告公园审核的结果，c) 将 PA 作为公园审核的结果衡量标准，以及 d) 1990 年后在英文同行评审期刊上发表。 32 篇文章报告了 26 项独特研究的结果，符合审查的纳入标准。大多数研究（n=20，87%）采用横断面或非干预性研究设计，而 6 项（23%）采用准实验设计。研究主要在美国进行（n=19，76%）。各项研究中公园使用者的中位数为 4,558 人（范围 = 815 至 76,632）。所有公园使用者中大约一半（51%）是女性。 81% 的研究 (n=21) 报告了所有年龄段个人的 PA 结果，而 4 项研究 (15%) 仅报告了儿童的 PA 结果，1 项研究 (4%) 仅报告了成人的 PA 结果。公园使用者的中度至剧烈体力活动 (MVPA) 范围为 31% 至 85%（中位数 = 55.0%）。在美国进行的研究表明，参与 MVPA 的公园用户中位数略高于美国以外的地区（60.5% 比 52.8%）。十五项研究考察了 MVPA 的性别差异。其中，12 名 (87%) 报告参与 MVPA 的男性多于女性。本次审查的结果强调需要制定创新策略，以在公园使用者中推广 MVPA 并增加儿童对公园的使用。
This article reports the outcomes of a systematic review of observational park-based physical activity (PA) studies. Five electronic databases and the Active Living Research website were searched in July 2015 to identify relevant articles. Studies were included if they: a) reported observational data collected at outdoor park-based settings during free living conditions, b) reported results of a park audit, c) included PA as an outcome measure of the park audit, and d) were published after 1990 in English-language peer-review journals. Thirty-two articles, reporting outcomes of 26 unique studies, met inclusion criteria for review. Most studies (n=20, 87%) had cross-sectional or non-interventional study designs, while 6 (23%) employed quasi-experimental designs. Studies were predominately conducted in the U.S. (n=19, 76%). The median number of park users across studies was 4,558 (Range= 815 to 76,632). Approximately half (51%) of all park users were female. Eighty-one percent of studies (n=21) reported PA outcomes for individuals of all ages, while 4 studies (15%) reported PA outcomes for children only and 1 study (4%) for adults only. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of park users ranged from 31% to 85% (Median=55.0%). Studies conducted in the U.S. reported a slightly higher median number of park-users engaging in MVPA than those outside the U.S. (60.5% vs. 52.8%). Fifteen studies examined gender differences in MVPA. Among these, 12 (87%) reported more males engaging in MVPA than females. Results of this review highlight the need for innovative strategies to promote MVPA among park users and to increase park use among children.