Dormancy and germination: making every seed count in restoration
Dormancy and germination: making every seed count in restoration
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DOI：
10.1111/rec.13140
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发表时间：
2020-03-13
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Cross, Adam T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kildisheva, Olga A.;Dixon, Kingsley W.;Cross, Adam T.
世界上50% ~ 90%的野生植物种子成熟后处于休眠状态，其休眠特性受物种发生地理、生长形态和遗传等因素的影响。虽然休眠对完整的自然系统是一种有益的适应，但它可以限制植物在恢复情景中的招募，因为种子可能需要几个季节才能失去休眠，从而表现出低或不稳定的发芽。在此期间，种子捕食、杂草竞争、土壤侵蚀和种子活力丧失可能导致植物重建失败。因此，了解和考虑种子休眠和萌发特性在恢复计划中是确保有效的种子管理和种子利用效率的关键。已知有五种休眠类型（生理的、生理的、组合的、形态的和形态生理的），每一种休眠都需要特定的线索来缓解休眠并使发芽。种子的休眠状态可以通过一系列简单的步骤来确定，这些步骤可以解释种子的初始质量，并评估种子在一系列环境条件下的发芽情况。在本文中，我们概述了休眠分类过程的步骤和各种相应的非原位休眠缓解方法。我们还强调了种子获取信息的记录和报告的重要性（例如，种子采集地点的地理坐标、清洁和质量信息、储存条件和休眠测试数据），以确保这些因素在恢复计划中得到充分考虑。
From 50 to 90% of wild plant species worldwide produce seeds that are dormant upon maturity, with specific dormancy traits driven by species' occurrence geography, growth form, and genetic factors. While dormancy is a beneficial adaptation for intact natural systems, it can limit plant recruitment in restoration scenarios because seeds may take several seasons to lose dormancy and consequently show low or erratic germination. During this time, seed predation, weed competition, soil erosion, and seed viability loss can lead to plant re-establishment failure. Understanding and considering seed dormancy and germination traits in restoration planning are thus critical to ensuring effective seed management and seed use efficiency. There are five known dormancy classes (physiological, physical, combinational, morphological, and morphophysiological), each requiring specific cues to alleviate dormancy and enable germination. The dormancy status of a seed can be determined through a series of simple steps that account for initial seed quality and assess germination across a range of environmental conditions. In this article, we outline the steps of the dormancy classification process and the various corresponding methodologies for ex situ dormancy alleviation. We also highlight the importance of record-keeping and reporting of seed accession information (e.g. geographic coordinates of the seed collection location, cleaning and quality information, storage conditions, and dormancy testing data) to ensure that these factors are adequately considered in restoration planning.