Estimating the effect of lung collapse and pulmonary shunt on gas exchange during breath-hold diving: The Scholander and Kooyman legacy
Estimating the effect of lung collapse and pulmonary shunt on gas exchange during breath-hold diving: The Scholander and Kooyman legacy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resp.2008.09.013
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Jones, D. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fahlman, A.;Hooker, S. K.;Jones, D. R.
本文建立了一个数学模型，研究了屏气潜水哺乳动物肺压缩和萎陷（肺分流）对血液和组织中O（2）、CO（2）和N（2）的吸收和清除的影响。我们研究了压力（潜水深度）和呼吸量对压力压迫肺泡时肺分流和气体交换的影响。该模型显示出良好的协议与以前的研究测量动脉O（2）的张力（Pa（O2））从自由潜水威德尔海豹和测量动脉和静脉N（2）的张力从圈养大象海豹压缩在高压舱。肺压缩导致Pa（O2）和动脉CO（2）张力迅速升高，随后出现周期性变化，其周期性由Q（tot）确定。该模型表明，潜水肺容量的变化是一种有效的行为手段，以调整气体交换的程度与深度。肺压缩和塌陷深度的不同模型导致血液和组织N（2）估计的主要差异。我们的综合建模方法与简单模型的预测相矛盾，并强调了循环，肺压缩和气体交换之间生理相互作用的复杂性。总的来说，我们的工作表明，需要谨慎解释以前的模型结果的基础上假设的崩溃深度和全有或全无肺塌陷模型。(C)2008 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
We developed a mathematical model to investigate the effect of lung compression and collapse (pulmonary shunt) on the uptake and removal Of O(2), CO(2) and N(2) in blood and tissue of breath-hold diving mammals. We investigated the consequences of pressure (diving depth) and respiratory Volume on pulmonary shunt and gas exchange as pressure compressed the alveoli. The model showed good agreement with previous Studies of measured arterial O(2) tensions (Pa(O2)) from freely diving Weddell seals and measured arterial and venous N(2) tensions from captive elephant seals compressed in a hyperbaric chamber. Pulmonary compression resulted in a rapid spike in Pa(O2) and arterial CO(2) tension, followed by cyclical variation with a periodicity determined by Q(tot). The model showed that changes in diving lung volume are an efficient behavioural means to adjust the extent of gas exchange with depth. Differing models of lung compression and collapse depth caused major differences in blood and tissue N(2) estimates. Our integrated modelling approach contradicted predictions from simple models, and emphasised the complex nature of physiological interactions between circulation, lung compression and gas exchange. Overall, our work suggests the need for caution in interpretation of previous model results based on assumed collapse depths and all-or-nothing lung collapse models. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.