The global relevance of the Scotia Arc: An introduction
The global relevance of the Scotia Arc: An introduction
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斯科舍弧的全球相关性：简介
DOI：
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.06.011
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
P. Leat
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Maldonado;I. Dalziel;P. Leat
位于南美洲和南极洲之间的斯科舍弧是地球上最重要的海洋门户和前陆桥之一。了解其结构和发展对于了解南大洋和南极洲的构造、古环境和生物过程至关重要。它从西部的德雷克海峡（Drake Passage）延伸到东部的南桑威奇岛（South Sandwich Island），沙克尔顿断裂带（Shackleton Fracture Zone）在南美大陆南部和南极半岛北方端之间形成了一个突出但不连续的测深脊。构造弧包括北部的NSR和南部的南斯科舍海岭，这两个横向板块边缘分别包括南格鲁吉亚和南奥克尼微大陆。斯科舍和三明治构造板块形成了这些边缘内的主要盆地。随着海盆的打开，先是浅海航道的形成，然后是深海连接，控制了南极绕极流的形成和发展，人们普遍认为，南极绕极流在为极地冰盖的形成提供气候条件方面发挥了重要作用。因此，斯科舍弧的演化具有全球性的古气候意义。斯科舍弧一直是国际研究兴趣日益增长的焦点。最近的许多研究强调了该地区固体地球、海洋学、古环境和生物过程之间的联系和相互作用。这期特刊介绍了新的作品，总结了最近的重要研究成果，并综合了斯科舍弧的当前知识状况。
The Scotia Arc, situated between South America and Antarctica, is one of the Earth's most important ocean gateways and former land bridges. Understanding its structure and development is critical for the knowledge of tectonic, paleoenvironmental and biological processes in the southern oceans and Antarctica. It extends from the Drake Passage in the west, where the Shackleton Fracture Zone forms a prominent, but discontinuous, bathymetric ridge between the southern South American continent and the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula to the active intra-oceanic volcanic arc forming the South Sandwich Island in the east. The tectonic arc comprises the NSR to the north and to the south the South Scotia Ridge, both transcurrent plate margins that respectively include the South Georgia and South Orkney microcontinents. The Scotia and Sandwich tectonic plates form the major basin within these margins. As the basins opened, formation of first shallow sea ways and then deep ocean connections controlled the initiation and development of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which is widely thought to have been important in providing the climatic conditions for formation of the polar ice-sheets. The evolution of the Scotia Arc is therefore of global palaeoclimatic significance. The Scotia Arc has been the focus of increasing international research interest. Many recent studies have stressed the links and interactions between the solid Earth, oceanographic, paleoenvironmental and biological processes in the area.This special issue presents new works that summarize significant recent research results and synthesize the current state of knowledge for the Scotia Arc.