Thermostability of Cell Membranes as a Measure of Heat Tolerance and Relationship to Flowering Delay in Chrysanthemum
Thermostability of Cell Membranes as a Measure of Heat Tolerance and Relationship to Flowering Delay in Chrysanthemum
复制标题
细胞膜的热稳定性作为耐热性的衡量标准及其与菊花延迟开花的关系
DOI：
10.21273/jashs.128.5.0656
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
H. F. Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Yeh;H. F. Lin
耐热菊花（Dendranthema ×grandifolia (Ramat.)）的鉴定Kitamura)基因型在世界炎热地区的商业化生产是可取的。利用细胞膜热稳定性（CMT）测试，测定了辣椒叶盘电解质泄漏的程度，确定了在田间种植的植物中，热诱导的开花延迟可能与电解质泄漏的程度有关。菊花品种叶片组织盘的相对伤害与处理温度呈s型关系。50°C的单次温度处理导致伤害值接近s型反应曲线的中点，并且在检测耐热性基因型差异方面表现出最大的敏感性。RI值较低的品种是CMT较大、热致延迟开花时间较短的品种。生长季节的高温会对植物生长和产量产生相当大的不利影响（Hall, 1992）。在亚热带和热带地区的育种计划中，需要快速简便地鉴定耐热基因型的技术。细胞膜热稳定性（CMT）是在一定温度范围内测量叶盘的电解质泄漏，是评估植物耐热性的一种灵敏而快速的方法（Sullivan, 1972； Wu和Wallner， 1993）。一些研究表明，CMT检测在检测几种农艺、水果和蔬菜作物的耐热性遗传变异方面是有效的（Chen et al., 1982; Ingram and Buchanan, 1984; Lester, 1985; Martineau et al., 1979; Saadalla et al., 1990; Sullivan and Ross, 1979）。高温条件下叶片CMT与坐果和产量高度相关（Fokar et al., 1998; Martineau et al., 1979; Sullivan and Ross, 1979）。然而，关于利用CMT来指示作物耐热性的信息很少。
Identification of heat-tolerant chrysanthemum (Dendranthema ×grandifolia (Ramat.) Kitamura) genotypes for commercial production in hot areas of the world is desirable. The extent to which electrolyte leakage from chry- santhemum leaf discs, measured using a test for cell membrane thermostability (CMT), could be related to the delay in fl owering induced by heat in the fi eld-grown plants was determined. The relationship between the relative injury (RI) occurring in leaf tissue discs of chrysanthemum cultivars and treatment temperature was sigmoidal. A single tem- perature treatment at 50 °C resulted in injury values near the midpoint of the sigmoidal response curve and showed the greatest sensitivity in detecting genotypic differences in heat tolerance. The cultivars with a low RI value are those with the greater CMT and shorter heat-induced delay to fl owering. High temperatures during the growing season can have con- siderable detrimental effects on plant growth and yield (Hall, 1992). Techniques for rapid and easy identifi cation of heat- tolerant genotypes during breeding programs for sub-tropical and tropical areas are desirable. Cell membrane thermostability (CMT), measured as electrolyte leakage from leaf discs over a range of temperatures, is a sensitive and rapid method to evalu- ate heat tolerance in plants (Sullivan, 1972; Wu and Wallner, 1993). Several studies have shown the effectiveness of CMT testing in detecting genetic variability for heat tolerance among several agronomic, fruit, and vegetable crops (Chen et al., 1982; Ingram and Buchanan, 1984; Lester, 1985; Martineau et al., 1979; Saadalla et al., 1990; Sullivan and Ross, 1979). Leaf CMT was highly correlated with fruit set and yield under high temperature conditions (Fokar et al., 1998; Martineau et al., 1979; Sullivan and Ross, 1979). However, little information is available on using CMT to indicate heat tolerance of fl oricultural crops.