Effects of short-term high temperature on grain quality and starch granules of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at post-anthesis stage
Effects of short-term high temperature on grain quality and starch granules of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at post-anthesis stage
复制标题
短期高温对水稻花后籽粒品质及淀粉粒的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s00709-016-1002-y
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zhu, Yan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Jianlin;Tang, Liang;Zhu, Yan
高温会对水稻产量和品质产生负面影响。本研究以南粳41（NJ41，热敏型）和五香粳14号（WJ14，耐热型）两个品种的花后期（开花期和灌浆前期）为研究对象，研究了短期高温（SHT）对籽粒品质和淀粉粒的影响。稻米品质分析结果表明，随着高温的升高和持续时间的延长，两个水稻品种的垩白率和垩白度均增加，糙米率、精米率和整精米率下降。此外，SHT胁迫减少了直链淀粉的积累以及淀粉的积累。淀粉积累和食用品质对SHT的敏感度高于外观和制粉品质。扫描电镜观察到的淀粉结构数据进一步表明，SHT处理后淀粉颗粒排列疏松，出现更多的单一淀粉颗粒。 SHT处理下WJ14的稻米品质和淀粉性状变化程度均低于NJ41。开花期SHT的效果大于灌浆期。总而言之，这些结果有助于进一步了解高温条件下控制稻米品质的生理生化过程。
High temperature causes negative effects on grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, the effects of short-term high temperature (SHT) on grain quality and starch granules were investigated in two rice cultivars Nanjing 41 (NJ41, heat-sensitive) and Wuxiangjing 14 (WJ14, heat-tolerant) at post-anthesis stage (anthesis and early grain-filling stage). The results of rice quality analysis showed that chalky rate and chalkiness increased while brown rice rate, milled rice rate, and head rice rate decreased in two rice cultivars with the increase of high temperature and prolonged duration. Moreover, SHT stress reduced the accumulation of amylose as well as starch accumulation. The starch accumulation and eating quality were more sensitive to SHT than the appearance and milling quality. The starch structure data observed by scanning electron microscope further showed that the starch granules are arranged loosely and more single starch granules appeared after SHT treatment. The extent of change in rice quality and starch traits of WJ14 under SHT was lower than that of NJ41. The effects of SHT at anthesis stage were greater than that at grain-filling stage. Taken together, the results could help further understand the physiological and biochemical processes governing rice quality under high-temperature conditions.