Subjective, Physiological, and Cognitive Responses to Intravenous Nicotine: Effects of Sex and Menstrual Cycle Phase
Subjective, Physiological, and Cognitive Responses to Intravenous Nicotine: Effects of Sex and Menstrual Cycle Phase
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2013.339
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Sofuoglu, Mehmet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeVito, Elise E.;Herman, Aryeh I.;Sofuoglu, Mehmet
尼古丁依赖是一个严重的公共卫生问题。尼古丁依赖的最佳治疗需要更深入地了解有助于维持吸烟行为的机制。越来越多的文献表明，性别和月经期对尼古丁的反应存在差异。本研究的目的是评估性别和月经期对尼古丁反应的广泛测量的影响，包括主观药物效应、认知、生理反应以及戒断症状、渴望和影响。使用完善的静脉内尼古丁范例和过夜禁欲和月经周期阶段的生化确认，进行分析以比较性别（年龄18-50岁; 115例男性和45例女性）和月经周期阶段（29例卵泡和16例黄体）的影响。雌性动物对尼古丁给药的主观药物效应降低，但生理反应更大。相对于卵泡期女性，黄体期女性表现出主观药物效应减弱和更好的认知。这些研究结果提供了候选机制，通过黄体期，其中孕酮是占主导地位的雌二醇，可能是对吸烟的脆弱性保护。
Nicotine dependence is a serious public health concern. Optimal treatment of nicotine dependence will require greater understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of smoking behaviors. A growing literature indicates sex and menstrual phase differences in responses to nicotine. The aim of this study was to assess sex and menstrual phase influences on a broad range of measures of nicotine response including subjective drug effects, cognition, physiological responses, and symptoms of withdrawal, craving, and affect. Using a well-established intravenous nicotine paradigm and biochemical confirmation of overnight abstinence and menstrual cycle phase, analyses were performed to compare sex (age 18-50 years; 115 male and 45 female) and menstrual cycle phase (29 follicular and 16 luteal) effects. Females had diminished subjective drug effects of, but greater physiological responses to, nicotine administration. Luteal-phase females showed diminished subjective drug effects and better cognition relative to follicular-phase women. These findings offer candidate mechanisms through which the luteal phase, wherein progesterone is dominant relative to estradiol, may be protective against vulnerability to smoking.