A comprehensive physical pattern of land-air dynamic and thermal structure on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
A comprehensive physical pattern of land-air dynamic and thermal structure on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
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DOI：
10.1360/02yd9060
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发表时间：
2002-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xiangde Xu;Mingyu Zhou;Jiayi Chen;L. Bian;Guangzhi Zhang;Huizhi Liu;Shiming Li;Hongsheng Zhang;Yijun Zhao;Suolongduoji;Wang Jizhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xiangde Xu;Mingyu Zhou;Jiayi Chen;L. Bian;Guangzhi Zhang;Huizhi Liu;Shiming Li;Hongsheng Zhang;Yijun Zhao;Suolongduoji;Wang Jizhi
根据第二次青藏高原大气科学实验(TIPEX)强化观测期(IOP)的甘孜站、当雄站和昌都站的边界层观测资料以及相关的地球卫星、探空仪和地面观测资料，对青藏高原陆气物理过程和动力学模式进行了综合分析。给出了高原边界层的动力学特征和湍流运动规律。发现了高原多层结构和深对流混合层的风速和风向分布特征，高原大气密度明显小于平原的湍流运动中的强浮力效应，以及高原深层边界层的Ekman螺旋及其动力泵效应。研究了高原边界层水汽的局地静态分布和水汽的水平平流。分析了高原表面和边界层的异常热力结构，包括高原强辐射现象和高原中部强热源特征。综合上述高原近地面层和边界层的动力和热力学结构，提出了高原边界层湍流和对流混合机制的综合物理模式。研究了影响中国长江流域洪涝灾害的高原对流云团的形成、发展和移动特征。文中还给出了与爆米花状云系频繁出现有关的湍流运动和对流羽流的动力和热力学结构的概念模式。
According to the boundary layer observations of three stations (Garze, Damxung and Qamdu) and relevant earth satellite, radiosonde and surface observations during the intensive observational period (IOP) of the second Tibetan (Qinghai-Xizang) Plateau Experiment of atmospheric science (TIPEX), the land-air physical process and dynamic model on the Tibetan Plateau were comprehensively analyzed in this study. The dynamic characteristics of boundary layer and the rules of turbulent motion on the plateau were illustrated. The characteristics of distributions of wind speed and direction with mutiple-layer structure and deep convective mixed layer on the plateau, the strong buoyancy effect in turbulent motion on the plateau on which the air density is obviously smaller than on the plain, and the Ekman spiral and its dynamic pump effect of the plateau deep boundary layer have been found. The local static distribution of water vapor and the horizontal advection of water vapor in the plateau boundary layer were studied. The abnomal thermodynamic structure on the plateau surface and boundary layer, including the plateau strong radiation phenomenon and strong heating source characteristics of the middle plateau, was also analyzed. The authors synthesized the above dynamic and thermodynamic structures of both surface and boundary layers on the plateau and posed the comprehensive physical model of the turbulence and convective mixture mechanism on the plateau boundary layer. The characteristics of formation, development and movement for convective cloud cluster over the plateau influencing floods in the Yangtze River area of China were studied. The conceptual model of dynamic and thermodynamic structures of turbulent motion and convective plume related to the frequent occurrence of “pop-corn-like” cloud system is given as well.