Lysosomal metabolomics reveals V-ATPase- and mTOR-dependent regulation of amino acid efflux from lysosomes.

Lysosomal metabolomics reveals V-ATPase- and mTOR-dependent regulation of amino acid efflux from lysosomes.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aan6298
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发表时间:
2017-11-10
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sabatini DM
Sabatini DM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abu-Remaileh M;Wyant GA;Kim C;Laqtom NN;Abbasi M;Chan SH;Freinkman E;Sabatini DM

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溶酶体降解和回收大分子,向细胞质和细胞核发出信号,并与许多疾病有关。在这里,我们描述了一种快速分离哺乳动物溶酶体的方法,并用它来定量分析各种细胞状态下的溶酶体代谢物。在营养充足的条件下,许多溶酶体氨基酸与细胞质中的氨基酸快速交换。通过抑制液泡 H+ATP 酶(V-ATP 酶)而失去溶酶体酸化会增加大多数代谢物的腔内浓度,但对大多数必需氨基酸的浓度没有影响。相反,营养饥饿会调节这些氨基酸的溶酶体浓度,我们将这种效应追溯到 mTOR 通路的调节。 mTOR 的抑制大大减少了大多数必需氨基酸的溶酶体流出,将溶酶体转化为它们的细胞库。这些结果揭示了溶酶体代谢物的动态性质,以及控制溶酶体氨基酸流出的 V-ATPase 和 mTOR 依赖性机制的存在。
The lysosome degrades and recycles macromolecules, signals to the cytosol and nucleus, and is implicated in many diseases. Here we describe a method for the rapid isolation of mammalian lysosomes and use it to quantitatively profile lysosomal metabolites under various cell states. Under nutrient replete conditions, many lysosomal amino acids are in rapid exchange with those in the cytosol. Loss of lysosomal acidification through inhibition of the vacuolar H+ATPase (V-ATPase) increased the luminal concentrations of most metabolites, but had no effect on those of the majority of essential amino acids. Instead, nutrient starvation regulates the lysosomal concentrations of these amino acids, an effect we traced to regulation of the mTOR pathway. Inhibition of mTOR strongly reduced the lysosomal efflux of most essential amino acids, converting the lysosome into a cellular depot for them. These results reveal the dynamic nature of lysosomal metabolites and that V-ATPase- and mTOR-dependent mechanisms exist for controlling lysosomal amino acid efflux.
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