In an early branching metazoan, bacterial colonization of the embryo is controlled by maternal antimicrobial peptides
In an early branching metazoan, bacterial colonization of the embryo is controlled by maternal antimicrobial peptides
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1008573107
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发表时间：
2010-10-19
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Bosch, Thomas C. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fraune, Sebastian;Augustin, Rene;Bosch, Thomas C. G.
许多生物的早期胚胎在母体外发育，并立即面临无数潜在的殖民者。这些幼稚发育阶段如何控制和塑造细菌定植在很大程度上是未知的。在这里，我们表明，早期胚胎阶段的基础后生动物水螅能够控制细菌定植，通过使用母体抗菌肽。在胚胎发生期间选择特定细菌定殖的periculin家族的抗微生物肽在卵母细胞和早期胚胎中产生。如果在水螅外胚层上皮细胞中过表达，periculin 1a会显著降低细菌负荷，表明其具有有效的抗微生物活性。出乎意料的是，转基因息肉还显示，除了杀菌活性，periculin改变了细菌群落的结构。这些研究结果描绘了抗菌肽的作用，在选择特定的细菌合作伙伴在发展过程中，并作为一个“做好准备”的战略提供跨代保护的重要组成部分。
Early embryos of many organisms develop outside the mother and are immediately confronted with myriads of potential colonizers. How these naive developmental stages control and shape the bacterial colonization is largely unknown. Here we show that early embryonic stages of the basal metazoan Hydra are able to control bacterial colonization by using maternal antimicrobial peptides. Antimicrobial peptides of the periculin family selecting for a specific bacterial colonization during embryogenesis are produced in the oocyte and in early embryos. If overexpressed in hydra ectodermal epithelial cells, periculin 1a drastically reduces the bacterial load, indicating potent antimicrobial activity. Unexpectedly, transgenic polyps also revealed that periculin, in addition to bactericidal activity, changes the structure of the bacterial community. These findings delineate a role for antimicrobial peptides both in selecting particular bacterial partners during development and as important components of a "be prepared" strategy providing transgenerational protection.