Racial/ethnic disparities in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect in adolescence.
Racial/ethnic disparities in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect in adolescence.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579418001098
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发表时间：
2018-12
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Telzer EH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deer LK;Shields GS;Ivory SL;Hostinar CE;Telzer EH
种族/族裔少数群体更容易受到心理和身体健康问题的影响，但我们对这些差异的心理生物学基础知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们研究了皮质醇昼夜模式和影响的种族/民族差异，作为阐明长期健康差异的初步步骤。370名年龄在11.9 - 18岁（M = 14.65岁，SD = 1.39）的青少年（57.3%为女性）的种族/民族多样性（39.5%为白色，60.5%为少数民族）样本参与了本研究。这些青少年提供了16个皮质醇样本（4天内每天4个样本），允许计算昼夜皮质醇斜率，皮质醇觉醒反应和昼夜皮质醇输出（曲线下面积），以及每日日记对高唤醒和低唤醒积极和消极情绪的评级。与之前的研究一致，我们发现，与白色青年相比，种族/民族少数（特别是非洲裔美国人和拉丁裔青年）表现出更平坦的昼夜皮质醇斜率，F（1，344.7）= 5.26，p = 0.02，效应量g = 0.25。此外，与白色青年相比，非裔美国人和亚裔美国人青年报告的积极情感水平较低（高唤醒和低唤醒）。情感的种族/民族差异并不能解释皮质醇模式的差异，这表明我们需要完善情感与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质活动之间关系的模型。最后，我们提出，文化发展的更深入的理解可能有助于阐明复杂的影响和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质功能之间的关联，以及它们如何解释种族/民族差异的影响和压力生物学。
Racial/ethnic minorities are more vulnerable to mental and physical health problems, but we know little about the psychobiological underpinnings of these disparities. In this study, we examined racial/ethnic differences in cortisol diurnal patterns and affect as initial steps toward elucidating long-term health disparities. A racially/ethnically diverse (39.5% White, 60.5% minority) sample of 370 adolescents (57.3% female) between the ages of 11.9 and 18 years (M = 14.65 years, SD = 1.39) participated in this study. These adolescents provided 16 cortisol samples (4 samples per day across 4 days), allowing the computation of diurnal cortisol slopes, the cortisol awakening response, and diurnal cortisol output (area under the curve), as well as daily diary ratings of high-arousal and low-arousal positive and negative affect. Consistent with prior research, we found that racial/ethnic minorities (particularly African American and Latino youth) exhibited flatter diurnal cortisol slopes compared to White youth, F (1, 344.7) = 5.26, p = .02, effect size g = 0.25. Furthermore, African American and Asian American youth reported lower levels of positive affect (both high arousal and low arousal) compared to White youth. Racial/ethnic differences in affect did not explain differences in cortisol patterns, suggesting a need to refine our models of relations between affect and hypothalamic– pituitary–adrenocortical activity. We conclude by proposing that a deeper understanding of cultural development may help elucidate the complex associations between affect and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical functioning and how they explain racial/ethnic differences in both affect and stress biology.