Association of nut consumption with total and cause-specific mortality.
Association of nut consumption with total and cause-specific mortality.
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa1307352
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发表时间：
2013-11-21
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fuchs CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bao Y;Han J;Hu FB;Giovannucci EL;Stampfer MJ;Willett WC;Fuchs CS
增加坚果摄入量与降低心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病等主要慢性疾病的风险有关。然而，坚果摄入量与死亡率之间的关系仍不清楚。我们研究了护士健康研究（1980-2010）中的 76,464 名女性和健康专业人员随访研究（1986-2010）中的 42,498 名男性的坚果摄入量与随后的总死亡率和特定原因死亡率之间的关系。有癌症、心脏病或中风病史的参与者被排除在外。坚果消费量在基线进行评估，并每 2 至 4 年更新一次。在 3,038,853 人年的随访中，16,200 名女性和 11,229 名男性死亡。在调整其他已知或可疑的危险因素后，坚果摄入量与女性和男性的总死亡率呈负相关。与不吃坚果的参与者相比，每周吃坚果少于一次的参与者死亡的汇总多变量风险比为 0.93（95% CI，0.90 至 0.96），每周吃一次坚果的为 0.89（95% CI，0.86 至 0.93），每周吃一次坚果的为 0.87（95% CI，0.83 至 0.90）。每周 2 至 4 次，每周 5 至 6 次为 0.85（95% CI，0.79 至 0.91），每周 7 次或以上为 0.80（95% CI，0.73 至 0.86）（趋势 P<0.001）。研究还发现，坚果摄入量与癌症、心脏病和呼吸道疾病导致的死亡之间存在显着的负相关关系。在由护士和其他卫生专业人员组成的两个大型独立队列中，坚果食用频率与总死亡率和特定原因死亡率呈负相关，与其他死亡预测因素无关。 （由美国国立卫生研究院和国际坚果理事会营养研究和教育基金会资助。）
Increased nut consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of major chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the association between nut consumption and mortality remains unclear. We examined the association between nut consumption and subsequent total and cause-specific mortality among 76,464 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (1980–2010) and 42,498 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2010). Participants with a history of cancer, heart disease, or stroke were excluded. Nut consumption was assessed at baseline and updated every 2 to 4 years. During 3,038,853 person-years of follow-up, 16,200 women and 11,229 men died. Nut consumption was inversely associated with total mortality among both women and men, after adjustment for other known or suspected risk factors. The pooled multivariate hazard ratios for death among participants who ate nuts, as compared with those who did not, were 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 0.96) for the consumption of nuts less than once per week, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86 to 0.93) for once per week, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.90) for two to four times per week, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.79 to 0.91) for five or six times per week, and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.86) for seven or more times per week (P<0.001 for trend). Significant inverse associations were also observed between nut consumption and deaths due to cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disease. In two large, independent cohorts of nurses and other health professionals, the frequency of nut consumption was inversely associated with total and cause-specific mortality, independently of other predictors of death. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the International Tree Nut Council Nutrition Research and Education Foundation.)