A cross-country comparison of secondhand smoke exposure among adults: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)
A cross-country comparison of secondhand smoke exposure among adults: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)
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DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050582
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Babb, Stephen D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
King, Brian A.;Mirza, Sara A.;Babb, Stephen D.
目的暴露于燃烧烟草制品产生的二手烟（SHS）会导致非吸烟成人和儿童的疾病和过早死亡。本研究的目的是确定的性质，程度和人口统计学相关的SHS暴露在低收入和中等收入国家的成年人之间的烟草use.Methods的高负担的数据来自全球成人烟草调查（GATS），一个全国代表性的家庭调查的个人15岁或以上。2008-2010年期间，在孟加拉国、巴西、中国、埃及、印度、墨西哥、菲律宾、波兰、俄罗斯、泰国、土耳其、乌克兰、乌拉圭和越南进行了访谈。描述性统计被用来确定SHS暴露在家庭，工作场所，政府大楼，餐馆，公共交通和医疗设施的患病率和相关性。结果暴露于SHS在家里的范围从17.3%（墨西哥）到73.1%（越南）。在家庭以外的室内区域工作的人中，工作场所的SHS暴露范围从16.5%（乌拉圭）到63.3%（中国）。在政府建筑物中，SHS的暴露范围为6.9%（乌拉圭）至72.7%（埃及），在餐馆中为4.4%（乌拉圭）至88.5%（中国），在公共交通中为5.4%（乌拉圭）至79.6%（埃及），和3.8%（乌拉圭）至49.2%（埃及）的医疗机构。收入国家的家庭、工作场所和其他公共场所都暴露于SHS。各国可以颁布和执行立法，要求100%无烟的公共场所和工作场所，还可以开展教育活动，以减少家庭中的SHS暴露。
Objective Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from burning tobacco products causes disease and premature death among non-smoking adults and children. The objective of this study was to determine the nature, extent and demographic correlates of SHS exposure among adults in low-and middle-income countries with a high burden of tobacco use.Methods Data were obtained from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), a nationally representative household survey of individuals 15 years of age or older. Interviews were conducted during 2008-2010 in Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay and Vietnam. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence and correlates of SHS exposure in homes, workplaces, government buildings, restaurants, public transportation and healthcare facilities.Results Exposure to SHS in the home ranged from 17.3% (Mexico) to 73.1% (Vietnam). Among those who work in an indoor area outside the home, SHS exposure in the workplace ranged from 16.5% (Uruguay) to 63.3% (China). Exposure to SHS ranged from 6.9% (Uruguay) to 72.7% (Egypt) in government buildings, 4.4% (Uruguay) to 88.5% (China) in restaurants, 5.4% (Uruguay) to 79.6% (Egypt) on public transportation, and 3.8% (Uruguay) to 49.2% (Egypt) in healthcare facilities.Conclusions A large proportion of adults living in low- and middle-income countries are exposed to SHS in their homes, workplaces, and other public places. Countries can enact and enforce legislation requiring 100% smoke-free public places and workplaces, and can also conduct educational initiatives to reduce SHS exposure in homes.