P5.8 Development of a New C-band Bistatic Polarimetric Radar and Observation of Typhoon Events
P5.8 Development of a New C-band Bistatic Polarimetric Radar and Observation of Typhoon Events
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P5.8 新型C波段双基地偏振雷达研制及台风事件观测
DOI：
10.1175/mwr3273.1
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
N. Takahashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Nakagawa;H. Hanado;S. Satoh;N. Takahashi
1.在日本，每年都会发生局部暴雨、台风、大雪等降水现象，造成房屋被淹、泥石流、农作物受灾等。这些自然灾害导致生命损失和宝贵财产的破坏。这类降水事件是典型的中尺度大气现象，其发生尺度从几公里到几百公里不等，持续时间从几分钟到几天不等。降水雷达是一种遥感仪器，可用于从地面上的一个点即时和连续地观测一个非常广阔的区域（半径为数百公里）。因此，它是监测和了解此类中尺度现象机制的有效工具。传统的降水雷达从地面向天空发射无线电波，然后接收反向散射的信号。降水强度可以从接收信号的强度导出。通信研究实验室（CRL）开发了一种新的C波段多参数多普勒雷达系统，具有双基地多普勒雷达网络。这种新雷达被命名为COBRA（CRL冲绳双基地极化雷达）。该系统的天气目标是台风、锋面降水、副热带中尺度降水和晴空湍流。我们的目标是利用COBRA开发中尺度气象和水文观测应用程序，以支持商业天气预报和防灾数据收集。COBRA系统的主雷达具有偏振测量功能，可以详细观察降水粒子的偏振特性。它还采用了一个双基地雷达网络，具体地说，是一个接收器网络，用于观测降水粒子的斜散射。图1显示了COBRA中所有设备的位置。主雷达位于冲绳名护市的名护降水雷达设施（CRL Nago）。收发分置接收站分别设在Ogimi风廓线观测站和冲绳风廓线观测站。这两个双基地雷达站通过一条吞吐量为128 kbps的专用线路与CRL Nago相连，而CRL Nago和CRL冲绳也通过一条吞吐量为100 Mbps的专用线路相连。CRL Nago是无人驾驶的;它是从CRL冲绳远程控制和监视的。
1. INTRODUCTION Each year in Japan, precipitation phenomena-such as localized torrential rain, typhoons, and heavy snow-inundate homes, cause mudslides, and damage crops. These natural disasters lead to loss of life and destroy valuable property. Such precipitation events are typical examples of meso-scale atmospheric phenomena, which occur on scales ranging from several kilometers to several hundred kilometers and last from several minutes to several days. The precipitation radar is a remote-sensing instrument that can be used to instantaneously and continuously observe an extremely wide area (with a radius of several hundred kilometers) from a single point on the ground. Therefore, it represents an effective tool in monitoring and understanding the mechanisms of such meso-scale phenomena. A conventional precipitation radar emits radio waves from the ground toward the sky and then receives the backscattered signals. The precipitation intensity can be derived from the intensity of the received signal. Communications Research Laboratory (CRL) has developed a new C-band multi-parameter Doppler radar system with a bistatic Doppler radar network. This new radar is named COBRA (CRL Okinawa bistatic polarimetric radar). The weather targets of the system are typhoons, Baiu-frontal rainfall, meso-scale precipitation in subtropical zones, and clear-air turbulence. Our goal is to utilize COBRA in developing meso-scale meteorological and hydrological observation applications to support commercial weather forecasting and data collection for disaster prevention purposes. The COBRA system features a main radar with polarization measurement functions to enable detailed observation of the polarization characteristics of precipitation particles. It also employs a bistatic radar networkó specifically, a network of receivers for observing oblique scattering from precipitation particles. Fig. 1 shows the locations of all the equipment in COBRA. The main radar is located at the Nago precipitation radar facility in Nago, Okinawa (CRL Nago). The bistatic receiver stations are located at the Ogimi wind profiler facility (CRL Ogimi) and at CRL Okinawa. The two bistatic radar stations are connected to CRL Nago by a dedicated line with a throughput of 128 kbps, while CRL Nago and CRL Okinawa are also linked by a dedicated line operating at 100 Mbps. CRL Nago is unmanned; it is remotely controlled and monitored from CRL Okinawa.