Obesity Policy Action framework and analysis grids for a comprehensive policy approach to reducing obesity
Obesity Policy Action framework and analysis grids for a comprehensive policy approach to reducing obesity
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-789x.2008.00524.x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Lawrence, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sacks, G.;Swinburn, B.;Lawrence, M.
需要采取全面的政策方法来控制日益严重的肥胖流行病。本文提出了肥胖政策行动（OPA）框架，该框架是根据世界卫生组织实施《饮食、身体活动与健康全球战略》的框架修改而成的，旨在为各国政府系统地确定肥胖政策行动领域提供具体指导。拟议的框架包括三种不同的公共卫生方法来解决肥胖问题：（i）“上游”政策影响社会的广泛社会和经济条件（如税收、教育、社会保障）或食品和体育活动环境，使健康饮食和体育活动的选择更容易;（二）“中游”政策旨在直接影响人口行为;以及（iii）“下游”政策支持卫生服务和临床干预。提出了一组用于分析支持肥胖预防和管理的潜在政策的网格。根据澳大利亚的具体情况，从填充分析网格中得出的一般模式是，所有部门和各级政府、非政府组织和私营企业都有多种机会为减少肥胖做出贡献。拟议的框架和分析网格提供了一个全面的方法来绘制与肥胖有关的政策环境，并确定政策差距，障碍和机会的工具。
A comprehensive policy approach is needed to control the growing obesity epidemic. This paper proposes the Obesity Policy Action (OPA) framework, modified from the World Health Organization framework for the implementation of the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, to provide specific guidance for governments to systematically identify areas for obesity policy action. The proposed framework incorporates three different public health approaches to addressing obesity: (i) 'upstream' policies influence either the broad social and economic conditions of society (e.g. taxation, education, social security) or the food and physical activity environments to make healthy eating and physical activity choices easier; (ii) 'midstream' policies are aimed at directly influencing population behaviours; and (iii) 'downstream' policies support health services and clinical interventions. A set of grids for analysing potential policies to support obesity prevention and management is presented. The general pattern that emerges from populating the analysis grids as they relate to the Australian context is that all sectors and levels of government, non-governmental organizations and private businesses have multiple opportunities to contribute to reducing obesity. The proposed framework and analysis grids provide a comprehensive approach to mapping the policy environment related to obesity, and a tool for identifying policy gaps, barriers and opportunities.