A one health approach to vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii
A one health approach to vaccines against Toxoplasma gondii
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fawpar.2019.e00053
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Smith, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Innes, Elisabeth A.;Hamilton, Clare;Smith, David
弓形虫病是一种具有全球影响的严重疾病，目前被认为是全球最重要的食源性疾病之一，也是造成牲畜产量损失的主要原因。以一种单一的健康方法制定疫苗接种方案来对付弓形虫病是一个有吸引力和现实的前景。疾病流行病学、寄生虫传播途径和主要风险群体的知识有助于针对关键宿主物种和疫苗计划的结果，这些将是预防/减少妇女和绵羊的先天性疾病;预防/减少T。食用动物的弓形虫组织包囊，并预防/减少弓形虫。猫的弓形虫卵囊脱落。大多数动物，包括人类，在感染后产生良好的保护性免疫，包括细胞介导的免疫应答，这可以解释为什么活疫苗通常更有效地保护免受T。刚地我们在寄生虫遗传学和基因操作、菌株变异、关键抗原表位、递送系统和诱导免疫应答方面的最新进展都有助于开发可能更广泛适用的新疫苗的前景。推进疫苗开发的一个关键领域是在相关动物宿主中设计标准的疫苗效力模型，这就是将不同学科的研究人员聚集在一起的一种健康方法可以带来重大益处的地方。工具和技术已经到位，可以在使用疫苗接种应对弓形虫病方面产生真实的影响，它只需要集体意愿来实现。(C)2019年，任作家。爱思唯尔公司出版国际食品和水传播寄生虫学协会（International Association of Food and Waterborne Parasitology）
A Summary Toxoplasmosis is a serious disease with global impact, now recognised as one of the most important food borne diseases worldwide and a major cause of production loss in livestock. A one health approach to develop a vaccination programme to tackle toxoplasmosis is an attractive and realistic prospect. Knowledge of disease epidemiology, parasite transmission routes and main risk groups has helped to target key host species and outcomes for a vaccine programme and these would be to prevent/reduce congenital disease in women and sheep; prevent/reduce T. gondii tissue cysts in food animal species and to prevent/reduce T. gondii oocyst shedding in cats. Most animals, including humans, develop good protective immunity following infection, involving cell mediated immune responses, which may explain why live vaccines are generally more effective to protect against T. gondii. Recent advances in our knowledge of parasite genetics and gene manipulation, strain variation, key antigenic epitopes, delivery systems and induction of immune responses are all contributing to the prospects of developing new vaccines which may be more widely applicable. A key area in progressing vaccine development is to devise standard vaccine efficacy models in relevant animal hosts and this is where a one health approach bringing together researchers across different disciplines can be of major benefit. The tools and technologies are in place to make a real impact in tackling toxoplasmosis using vaccination and it just requires a collective will to make it happen. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of International Association of Food and Waterborne Parasitology.