The use of cholinergic precursors in neuropsychiatric diseases.
The use of cholinergic precursors in neuropsychiatric diseases.
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/36.4.709
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发表时间：
1982-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. S. Rosenberg;K. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. S. Rosenberg;K. Davis
临床前数据表明，胆碱能前体如胆碱或卵磷脂，可增加特定脑结构中乙酰胆碱的水平，在一定条件下可增强胆碱能神经传递。各种神经精神疾病，包括迟发性运动障碍。亨廷顿舞蹈症、共济失调、图雷特综合征、精神分裂症、情感性疾病和阿尔茨海默型老年痴呆症，与中枢胆碱能机制普遍活动不足有关。最近的研究调查了胆碱能前体负荷策略可能为这些假定的胆碱能缺乏的疾病提供可行的治疗方法的可能性。广泛的数据表明，迟发性运动障碍的症状可以通过胆碱或卵磷脂来减轻，而对其他疾病的研究已经取得了轻微的成功，充其量，或者仍然处于初步阶段。有必要对胆碱或卵磷脂进行进一步的对照研究，使用更宽的剂量范围，更长的治疗时间，以及同时给予可能增加乙酰胆碱释放的药物。
Preclinical data suggest that cholinergic precursors such as choline or lecithin, increase levels of acetylcholine in specific brain structures, and under certain conditions may enhance cholinergic neurotransmission. A variety of neuropsychiatric diseases including tardive dyskinesia. Huntington's chorea, ataxias, Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, affective illness, and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, has been implicated with a general underactivity of central cholinergic mechanisms. Recent studies have investigated the possibility that cholinergic precursor loading strategies may provide viable treatments for these disorders of presumed cholinergic underactivity. Extensive data demonstrate that the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can be reduced by choline or lecithin, whereas investigations in other disorders have met with mild success, at best, or are still in preliminary stages. Further controlled studies with choline or lecithin using broader dose ranges, longer durations of treatment, and concomitant administration of agents which may increase the release of acetylcholine are warranted.