Investigation of the Pigments and Glassy Matrix of Painted Enamelled Qing Dynasty Chinese Porcelains by Noninvasive On-Site Raman Microspectrometry
Investigation of the Pigments and Glassy Matrix of Painted Enamelled Qing Dynasty Chinese Porcelains by Noninvasive On-Site Raman Microspectrometry
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DOI：
10.3390/heritage3030050
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Droguet, Vincent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colomban, Philippe;Kirmizi, Burcu;Droguet, Vincent
选取15件18世纪（清代）中国彩绘搪瓷，采用移动拉曼光谱和XRF显微光谱对其进行现场分析。这些珍贵的文物目前在巴黎卢浮宫博物馆和法国枫丹白露城堡的中国博物馆收藏。在彩绘珐琅质中，检测到那不勒斯黄、焦绿铅、赤铁矿、氧化锰和碳等颜料，以及砷酸铅等不透明物质。拉曼光谱显示，釉质的玻璃基体主要属于富铅玻璃和铅碱玻璃。并对瓷器物的釉相和体相进行了分析。在一些蓝色珐釉质中检测到砷酸钙磷灰石铅，这表明使用了富砷的欧洲钴矿（小），可能与亚洲钴混合。在同一时期的法国软糊瓷和玻璃装饰以及高质量的利摩日搪瓷中也发现了这一特征阶段。根据拉曼散射背景的形状，在红色、橙色和粉色珐琅中发现了胶体金（金度纳米粒子）的存在。在不同类型的那不勒斯黄颜料中还检测到富sb、富sn和混合Sb-Sn-(Zn, Fe?)成分。研究结果与之前获得的中国景泰蓝、彩绘搪瓷金属器皿、利摩日搪瓷以及法国搪瓷手表的数据进行了比较。
A selection of 15 Chinese painted enameled porcelains from the 18th century (Qing dynasty) was analyzed on-site by mobile Raman and XRF microspectroscopy. The highly prized artifacts are present in the collections of the Musee du Louvre in Paris and Musee Chinois at Fontainebleau Castle in France. In the painted enamels, pigments such as Naples yellow lead pyrochlore, hematite, manganese oxide and carbon and opacifiers such as lead arsenates were detected. The glassy matrices of the enamels mainly belonged to lead-rich and lead-alkali glass types according to the Raman spectra obtained. The glaze and body phases of the porcelain artifacts were also analyzed. The detection of lead arsenate apatite in some of the blue enamels was significant, indicating the use of arsenic-rich European cobalt ores (smalt) and possibly mixing with Asian cobalt. This characteristic phase has also been identified in French soft-paste porcelains and glass decor and high-quality Limoges enamels from the same period. Based on the shape of the Raman scattering background, the presence of colloidal gold (Au degrees nanoparticles) was identified in red, orange and pink enamels. Different types of Naples yellow pigments were also detected with Sb-rich, Sn-rich and mixed Sb-Sn-(Zn, Fe?) compositions in the yellow enamels. The results were compared to previous data obtained on Chinese cloisonne and painted enameled metalware and Limoges enamels as well as French enameled watches.