Cellular and molecular introduction to brain development.
Cellular and molecular introduction to brain development.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nbd.2015.07.007
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Nardelli J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang X;Nardelli J
在过去的几十年中，在大脑发育的研究进展，特别是最近的发现，关于人类新皮层的进化扩展，和大规模的蛋白质组/转录组分析在人脑中，提供了新的见解的分子机制指导神经成熟，和多种形式的神经系统疾病的病理生理学。作为对这一问题的评论的序言，我们概述了脑发育的细胞、分子和遗传基础，重点是与胚胎阶段和出生后早期正常神经发育的标志相关的主要机制，包括神经干/祖细胞增殖、皮层神经元迁移、大脑皮层的进化和折叠、突触发生和神经回路发育，神经胶质生成和髓鞘形成。我们将仅简要描述由这些细胞或分子机制的扰动引起的发育障碍，以及可能干扰正常脑发育的最常见的围产期脑损伤。
Advances in the study of brain development over the last decades, especially recent findings regarding the evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex, and large-scale analyses of the proteome/transcriptome in the human brain, have offered novel insights into the molecular mechanisms guiding neural maturation, and the pathophysiology of multiple forms of neurological disorders. As a preamble to reviews of this issue, we provide an overview of the cellular, molecular and genetic bases of brain development with an emphasis on the major mechanisms associated with landmarks of normal neural development in the embryonic stage and early postnatal life, including neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation, cortical neuronal migration, evolution and folding of the cerebral cortex, synaptogenesis and neural circuit development, gliogenesis and myelination. We will only briefly depict developmental disorders that result from perturbations of these cellular or molecular mechanisms, and the most common perinatal brain injuries that could disturb normal brain development.