Status of anthropogenically induced metal pollution in the Kanpur-Unnao industrial region of the Ganga Plain, India
Status of anthropogenically induced metal pollution in the Kanpur-Unnao industrial region of the Ganga Plain, India
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印度恒河平原坎普尔-乌纳奥工业区人为金属污染现状
DOI：
10.1007/s002540050397
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Tobschall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Ansari;I. Singh;H. Tobschall
恒河平原是人口最稠密的地区之一，也是地球上最大的地下水储存库之一。几十年来，恒河平原的流域一直被用来处理家庭和工业废物，这对平原的水质、沉积物和农业土壤产生了不利影响。1994年和1995年（季风前4 - 5月），对甘加平原坎布尔-乌纳奥工业区河流沉积物和土壤中Al、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sn、Zn和有机碳的含量进行了测定。高含量（最大值）的C-org（12.0 wt. %）、Cr（3.40wt. %）、Sn（1.92wt. %）、Zn（4000 mg/kg）、Pb（646 mg/kg）、Cu（408 mg/kg）、Ni（502 mg/kg）和Cd（9.8 mg/kg）; %）、Cr（2.16wt. 1994 ~ 1995年，沉积物中Fe、Sn的含量呈上升趋势，C-org、Cd、Cu、Ni、Zn的含量呈下降趋势。考虑到分析误差，Al、Co、Cr、Mn和Pb的浓度未显示任何变化。1994 ~ 1995年，土壤中Cd、Fe、Sn含量呈上升趋势，Ni含量呈下降趋势。铝、钴、铬、铜、锰、铅和锌的浓度从1994年至1995年没有任何变化。沉积物中约90%的Cd、Cr和Sn含量，50-75%的C-org、Cu和Zn含量，以及25%的Co、Ni和Pb含量来自与自然背景值相关的人为输入，而土壤中约90%的Cr和Sn含量，约75%的Cd含量，以及约25%的C-org、Cu、Ni和Zn含量均来自人为输入。沉积物中Cr、Cd、Sn、C-org、Zn、Cu和Ni的富集系数分别为23.6、14.7、12.2、3.6、3.2、2.6和1.6。土壤中Cr、Sn、Cd、Ni、Cu和Zn的富集系数分别为10.7、9.0、3.6、1.8和1.5。
The Ganga Plain is one of the most densely populated regions and one of the largest groundwater repositories of the Earth. For several decades, the drainage basin of the Ganga Plain has been used for the disposal of domestic and industrial wastes which has adversely affected the quality of water, sediments and agricultural soils of the plain. The concentrations of Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Zn and organic carbon were determined in river sediments and soils of the Ganga Plain in the Kanpur-Unnao industrial region in 1994 and 1995 (pre-monsoon period of April–May). High contents (maximum values) of C-org (12.0 wt. %), Cr (3.40 wt. %), Sn (1.92 wt. %), Zn (4000 mg/kg), Pb (646 mg/kg), Cu (408 mg/kg), Ni (502 mg/kg) and Cd (9.8 mg/kg) in sediments (<20 μm fraction); and C-org (5.9 wt. %), Cr (2.16 wt. %), Sn (1.21 wt %), Zn (975 mg/kg) and Ni (482 mg/kg) in soils (<20 μm) in the pre-monsoon period of 1994 were found. From 1994 to 1995 the contents of Fe and Sn in sediments increase whereas those of C-org, Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn decrease. Considering the analytical errors, Al, Co, Cr, Mn and Pb do not show any change in their concentrations. In soils, the contents of Cd, Fe and Sn increase whereas those of Ni decrease from 1994 to 1995. Aluminium, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn do not show any change in their concentrations from 1994 to 1995. About 90% of the contents of Cd, Cr and Sn; 50–75% of C-org, Cu and Zn; and 25% of Co, Ni and Pb in sediments are derived from the anthropogenic input in relation to the natural background values, whereas in soils this is the case for about 90% of Cr and Sn; about 75% of Cd; and about 25% of C-org, Cu, Ni and Zn. The sediments of the study area show enrichment factors of 23.6 for Cr, 14.7 for Cd, 12.2 for Sn, 3.6 for C-org, 3.2 for Zn, 2.6 for Cu and 1.6 for Ni. The soils are enriched with factors of 10.7 for Cr, 9.0 for Sn, 3.6 for Cd, 1.8 for Ni and 1.5 for Cu and Zn, respectively.