Exceptional visuospatial imagery in schizophrenia; implications for madness and creativity
Exceptional visuospatial imagery in schizophrenia; implications for madness and creativity
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2013.00756
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发表时间：
2013-11-11
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Park, Sohee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benson, Taylor L.;Park, Sohee
传记和历史记载表明，科学创造力和精神分裂症之间存在联系。对天才儿童的纵向研究表明，视觉空间意象在科学和数学的特殊成就中起着关键作用。我们问是否视觉空间意象是增强个人精神分裂症（SZ）。我们比较了SZ和匹配的健康对照组（HC）的五个视觉空间任务挖掘顶叶和额顶叶功能。分别采用折纸测验（PFT）和拼图任务（JPT）考察了视觉空间转换的两个方面：空间定位和心理表象加工。视觉空间智力采用Ravens Progressive Matrices进行评估，该测验与额顶叶网络活动相关。半空间注意力不集中涉及顶叶功能进行了评估与线平分（LB）任务。通过前额叶皮层介导，空间延迟反应任务（DRT）被用来指示工作记忆的维持，这是受损的SZ相比，HC。相比之下，SZ表现出完整的视觉空间智能和位置转换。此外，SZ表现显着优于HC的JPT表明增强心理意象操纵。空间工作记忆（SWM）的维持和心理意象操纵在HC中密切相关，但在SZ中分离。因此，我们观察到增强的心理意象操纵在深圳，但心理意象从工作记忆的分离表明一个中断的额顶叶网络。最后，虽然HC表现出预期的空间注意力缺失，但SZ表现出增加的空间注意力缺失，暗示左半球空间注意力不集中和右顶叶空间注意力控制受损。目前的结果图表的一个独特的配置文件受损，备用和增强顶叶介导的视觉空间功能，涉及顶叶异常作为SZ的生物行为标记。我们讨论这些结果与创造性认知。
Biographical and historical accounts suggest a link between scientific creativity and schizophrenia. Longitudinal studies of gifted children indicate that visuospatial imagery plays a pivotal role in exceptional achievements in science and mathematics. We asked whether visuospatial imagery is enhanced in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ). We compared SZ and matched healthy controls (HC) on five visuospatial tasks tapping parietal and frontoparietal functions. Two aspects of visuospatial transformation, spatial location and mental imagery manipulation were examined with Paper Folding Test (PFT) and jigsaw puzzle task (JPT), respectively. Visuospatial intelligence was assessed with Ravens Progressive Matrices, which is associated with frontoparietal network activity. Hemispatial inattention implicating parietal function was assessed with line bisection (LB) task. Mediated by prefrontal cortex, spatial delayed response task (DRT) was used to index working memory maintenance, which was impaired in SZ compared to HC. In contrast, SZ showed intact visuospatial intelligence and transformation of location. Further, SZ performed significantly better than HC on JPT indicating enhanced mental imagery manipulation. Spatial working memory (SWM) maintenance and mental imagery manipulation were strongly associated in HC but dissociated in SZ. Thus, we observed enhanced mental imagery manipulation in SZ but the dissociation of mental imagery from working memory suggests a disrupted frontoparietal network. Finally, while HC showed the expected leftward pseudoneglect, SZ showed increased rightward LB bias implicating left hemispatial inattention and impaired right parietal control of spatial attention. The current results chart a unique profile of impaired, spared and enhanced parietal-mediated visuospatial functions implicating parietal abnormalities as a biobehavioral marker for SZ. We discuss these results in relation to creative cognition.