Simulation in surgical training.
Simulation in surgical training.
复制标题
模拟手术训练。
DOI：
10.1136/bmj.300.6732.1088
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Munro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Macintyre;A. Munro
对认知疗法有反应的个体和对药物治疗有反应的个体之间的一些差异的报告，以及药物和人际治疗之间的叠加效应的报告，使得在这种情况下，当治疗师有相关问题需要解决时，尝试心理治疗是合理的。两种形式的心理治疗都没有令人信服地证明其复发率低于接受维持性抗抑郁药的患者，但个别患者的复发似乎与认知因素或人际关系问题密切相关，在这些情况下，当其他措施失败时，可以尝试心理治疗。尽管这项大型美国试验的结果并不支持对这些治疗抑郁症的特定心理疗法的更强有力的支持，但它的结果是非常有趣的。如果我们知道某些中度抑郁症患者的特定心理治疗如何带来与药物治疗相当的变化，我们对抑郁症的理解将大大增加。进一步调查的结果包括。根据美国研究的剩余结果，应该有助于回答这个重要的问题。M G GELDER精神病学教授，牛津大学，沃内福德医院，牛津OX3 7JX 1 Elkin I， Shea T， Watkins JT等。国家心理健康研究所抑郁症治疗合作研究项目。Arch Gen Psychiatry; 1989;46:971-82。[2]刘建军，刘建军，刘建军，等。抑郁症的认知治疗。纽约：吉尔福德出版社，1979。多布森KS。认知疗法治疗抑郁症疗效的荟萃分析。[J]中华精神病学杂志，1989;17(1):1 - 4。[4]刘建军，刘建军，刘建军，等。认知疗法和阿米替林治疗抑郁症。Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;42:142-8。5 Blackburn I, Bishop S, Glen AIM，等。认知疗法对抑郁症的疗效：一项单独或联合使用认知疗法和药物疗法的治疗试验。中华精神病学杂志（英文版）；2001;39(1):1 - 6。[6]邓俊杰。抑郁倾向精神病患者的认知改变。认知疗法研究1979；3:307-17。7麦克莱恩PD，哈克斯提安RA。临床抑郁症：门诊治疗的比较疗效。[j]中华精神病学杂志，1999;47:818- 836。[8]刘建军，王晓华，王晓华，等。认知疗法与药物疗法治疗抑郁症的临床疗效比较。认知疗法研究1977；1: 17-38。[9]刘建军，刘建军，刘建军，等。认知疗法与药物疗法：单独或联合治疗抑郁症。Arch Gen Psychiatry; 1984;41:33-41。[10]张丽娟，张丽娟，张丽娟，等。认知疗法对重度抑郁障碍的影响。中华精神病学杂志1984；145:400-6。[11]张建军，李建军，李建军。认知疗法与药物疗法在抑郁症治疗中的作用。Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:43-8。[12]李建军，李建军，李建军，等。认知疗法、药物疗法及两者联合治疗对抑郁症患者的影响。[7]情感障碍1986；10:67-75。[13]刘建军，刘建军，刘建军。接受认知疗法或药物治疗的抑郁症门诊患者：1年随访。Arch Gen Psychiatry; 1981;38:33-9。[14]张建军，刘建军，李建军，等。预测对抑郁症认知疗法的反应：习得机智的作用。认知治疗研究1985；9:79-89。[15]张建军，张建军，张建军，等。抑郁症的人际心理治疗。纽约：Basic Books， 1984。[16]王晓东，王晓东，王晓东，等。药物和心理治疗的疗效
The report of some differences between individuals who respond to cognitive therapy and those who respond to drug treatment and the report of an additive effect between drugs and interpersonal therapy make it reasonable to try psychological treatment in such cases when there are relevant problems for the therapists to work on. Neither form of psychological treatment has been shown convincingly to reduce the relapse rate below that in patients receiving maintenance antidepressants, but there are individual patients in whom relapse seems to be closely related to cognitive factors or interpersonal problems, and in these cases psychological treatment can be tried when other measures have failed. Although the findings of this large American trial do not support a stronger endorsement of these specific techniques of psychotherapy for depressive disorders, its results are of great interest. Our understanding of depressive disorders would be greatly increased if we knew how specific psychological therapy in some moderately depressed patients may bring about changes comparable with those of drug treatment. The results of further investigations, inclu.ding the remaining results of the American study, should help to answer this important question. M G GELDER Professor of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX 1 Elkin I, Shea T, Watkins JT, et al. National Institute of Mental Health treatment of depression collaborative research program. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989;46:971-82. 2 Beck AT, Rush J, Shaw BF, Emery G. Cognittve therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press, 1979. 3 Dobson KS. A meta-analysis of the efficacy of cognitive therapy for depression. J Consult Clin Psychol 1989;57:414-9. 4 Beck AT, Hollon SD, Young JE, et al. Treatment of depression with cognitive therapy and amitriptyline. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;42:142-8. 5 Blackburn I, Bishop S, Glen AIM, et al. The efficacy of cognitive therapy of depression: a treatment trial using cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy, each alone and in combination. Br J Psychiatry 1981;139:181-9. 6 Dunn RJ. Cognitive modification with depression-prone psychiatric patients. Cognitive Therapy Research 1979;3:307-17. 7 McLean PD, Hakstian RA. Clinical depression: comparative efficacy of outpatient treatments. j Consult Clin Psychol 1979;47:818-36. 8 Rush AJ, Beck AT, Kovacs M, Hollon S. Comparative efficacy of cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of depressed outpatients. Cognitive Therapy Research 1977;1: 17-38. 9 Murphy GE, Simons AD, Wetzel RD, Lustman PJ. Cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy: singly and together in the treatment of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1984;41:33-41. 10 Teasdale JD, Fennell MJV, Hibbert GA, Amies P. Cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder in primary care. Brj Psychiatry 1984;145:400-6. 11 Simons AD, Murphy GE, Levine JL, Wetzel RD. Cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy for depression: sustained improvement over one year. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:43-8. 12 Blackburn IM, Eunson KM, Bishop S. A two year naturalistic follow-up of depressed patients treated with cognitive therapy, pharmacotherapy and a combination of both. J7 Affective Disord 1986;10:67-75. 13 Kovacs M, Rush AJ, Beck AT, Hollon SD. Depressed outpatients treated with cognitive therapy or pharmacotherapy: one-year follow up. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:33-9. 14 Simmons AD, Lustman PJ, Wetzel RD, Murphy GE. Predicting response to cognitive therapy of depression: the role of learned resourcefulness. Cognitive Therapy Research 1985;9:79-89. 15 Klerman GL, Weissman MM, Rounsaville BJ, Chevron ES. Interpersonal psychotherapy of depression. New York: Basic Books, 1984. 16 Weissman MM, Prusoff BA, DiMascio A, et al. The efficacy of drugs and psychotherapy in the
抑郁症的认知疗法和药物疗法。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Simons,AD;Murphy,GE;Levine,JL;Wetzel,RD
通讯作者：
Wetzel,RD
认知疗法和药物疗法。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Murphy,GE;Simons,AD;Wetzel,RD;Lustman,PJ
通讯作者：
Lustman,PJ