Canada's recreational fisheries: The invisible collapse?
Canada's recreational fisheries: The invisible collapse?
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DOI：
10.1577/1548-8446(2002)027
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Shuter, BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Post, JR;Sullivan, M;Shuter, BJ
休闲捕鱼在世界许多地方是一项受欢迎的活动，这一活动导致了一个在全世界具有重大社会和经济价值的部门的发展。这一部门的维持取决于水生生态系统提供渔业收获的能力。我们目前正目睹许多商业海洋渔业由于过度开发而崩溃。休养生息渔业通常被视为与商业渔业不同，因为它们是自我维持的，不受开放市场的社会和经济力量的控制，而这种力量曾迫使许多商业渔业崩溃。在这里，我们拒绝认为休闲渔业和商业渔业有着本质的不同，并展示了几种可能导致休闲渔业崩溃的机制。加拿大四个备受瞩目的休闲渔业的数据显示，过去几十年来，休闲渔业急剧下降，但渔业科学家、管理者和公众基本上没有注意到这些下降。经验证据表明，垂钓者的捕食行为降低钓鱼质量的水平成正比的距离人口中心。此外，许多鱼类的行为和垂钓者谁追求他们，共同的管理响应枯竭的人口，和破坏食物网的生态反应都导致在这种捕食者-猎物相互作用的潜在不稳定性。为了防止休闲渔业的广泛崩溃，渔业科学家和管理人员必须认识到这些崩溃过程的影响，并将其纳入可持续捕捞的战略和模式。
Fishing for recreation is a popular activity in many parts of the world and this activity has led to the development of a sector of substantial social and economic value worldwide. The maintenance of this sector depends on the ability of aquatic ecosystems to provide fishery harvest. We are currently witnessing the collapse of many commercial marine fisheries due to over-exploitation. Recreational fisheries are typically viewed as different from commercial fisheries in that they are self-sustaining and not controlled by the social and economic forces of the open market that have driven many commercial fisheries to collapse. Here we reject the view that recreational and commercial fisheries are inherently different and demonstrate several mechanisms that can lead to the collapse of recreational fisheries. Data from four high profile Canadian recreational fisheries show dramatic declines over the last several decades yet these declines have gone largely unnoticed by fishery scientists, managers, and the public. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the predatory behavior of anglers reduces angling quality to levels proportional to distance from population centers. In addition, the behavior of many fish species and the anglers who pursue them, the common management responses to depleted populations, and the ecological responses of disrupted food webs all lead to potential instability in this predator-prey interaction. To prevent widespread collapse of recreational fisheries, fishery scientists and managers must recognize the impact of these processes of collapse and incorporate them into strategies and models of sustainable harvest.