Plant Vegetative and Animal Cytoplasmic Actins Share Functional Competence for Spatial Development with Protists
Plant Vegetative and Animal Cytoplasmic Actins Share Functional Competence for Spatial Development with Protists
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DOI：
10.1105/tpc.111.095281
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Meagher, Richard B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kandasamy, Muthugapatti K.;McKinney, Elizabeth C.;Meagher, Richard B.
肌动蛋白是一种重要的多功能蛋白质，由动物（细胞质和肌肉）和植物（营养和生殖）中两种不同的古老基因编码。流行的观点是，每一类肌动蛋白变体在功能上是不同的。然而，我们建议，营养植物和细胞质动物的变种有保守的功能能力，从祖先原生动物肌动蛋白序列继承的空间发展。为了验证这个想法，我们异位表达的动物和原生生物肌动蛋白在拟南芥双营养肌动蛋白突变体，细胞和器官形态显着改变。我们发现，表达细胞质肌动蛋白从人类，甚至是一个高度分歧的无脊椎动物玻璃海鞘定性和定量抑制根细胞极性和器官缺陷的act8 act7突变体和适度抑制根无毛表型的act2 act8突变体。相比之下，人类肌肉肌动蛋白不能显著支持植物发育的任何方面。此外，肌动蛋白从三个原生生物代表Choanozoa，Archamoeba，和绿色藻类有效地抑制所有的植物突变体的表型。值得注意的是，这些数据意味着肌动蛋白的能力，进行一套复杂的过程中必不可少的多细胞发展已经完全发展的单细胞原生生物和进化非渐进的原生生物植物和动物。
Actin is an essential multifunctional protein encoded by two distinct ancient classes of genes in animals (cytoplasmic and muscle) and plants (vegetative and reproductive). The prevailing view is that each class of actin variants is functionally distinct. However, we propose that the vegetative plant and cytoplasmic animal variants have conserved functional competence for spatial development inherited from an ancestral protist actin sequence. To test this idea, we ectopically expressed animal and protist actins in Arabidopsis thaliana double vegetative actin mutants that are dramatically altered in cell and organ morphologies. We found that expression of cytoplasmic actins from humans and even a highly divergent invertebrate Ciona intestinalis qualitatively and quantitatively suppressed the root cell polarity and organ defects of act8 act7 mutants and moderately suppressed the root-hairless phenotype of act2 act8 mutants. By contrast, human muscle actins were unable to support prominently any aspect of plant development. Furthermore, actins from three protists representing Choanozoa, Archamoeba, and green algae efficiently suppressed all the phenotypes of both the plant mutants. Remarkably, these data imply that actin's competence to carry out a complex suite of processes essential for multicellular development was already fully developed in single-celled protists and evolved nonprogressively from protists to plants and animals.