Distribution, speciation, and budget of atmospheric mercury
Distribution, speciation, and budget of atmospheric mercury
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00053870
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发表时间：
1985-12
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
F. Šlemr;G. Schuster;W. Seiler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Šlemr;G. Schuster;W. Seiler
1978-1981年期间，对大西洋和中欧上空的总气态汞浓度进行了多次测量。TGM的纬度分布表现出明显的和可重复的半球间差异，在北方半球的TGM浓度较高。发现TGM在对流层内垂直混合良好。TGM浓度似乎随时间以北方10±8%/年和南半球8±3%/年的速率增加。汞形态测量表明，元素汞是TGM的主要成分，分别占海洋和大陆空气中TGM的92%和83%以上。对流层汞负荷量为6× 109 g。TGM的南北半球分布和时空变化表明TGM在对流层的停留时间约为1年。根据颗粒和雨水中测得的汞浓度独立计算的汇强度与上述数字一致。
Total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations over the Atlantic Ocean and over Central Europe were measured repeatedly in the years 1978–1981. The latitudinal TGM distribution showed a pronounced and reproducible interhemispherical difference with higher TGM concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere. TGM was found to be vertically well mixed within the troposphere. The TGM concentration seems to increase with time at a rate of 10±8%/yr in the Northern and 8±3%/yr in the Southern Hemisphere. Measurements of mercury speciation showed that elemental mercury is the main TGM component contributing more than 92% and 83% of TGM in marine and continental air, respectively. The tropospheric mercury burden was calculated to be 6×109g. The interhemispheric distribution and temporal and spatial variability of TGM imply a tropospheric residence time of TGM of about 1 yr. Sink strengths calculated independently from the measured mercury concentration on particles and in rainwater are consistent with the above figures.