Marital fertility and wealth during the fertility transition: rural France, 1750-1850
Marital fertility and wealth during the fertility transition: rural France, 1750-1850
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0289.2012.00666.x
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cummins, Neil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cummins, Neil
长期以来，人们一直认为人口结构的转变始于18世纪的法国，但对于生育率下降的确切原因却没有达成共识。该分析将1750-1850年间法国四个乡村的生育生活史与死亡时的财富数据联系起来。这是第一次可以分析法国生育率下降开始时的财富-生育率关系。在生育率下降的地方，财富是家庭规模缩小的有力预测指标。这篇文章认为，法国生育率的下降是与1789年大革命有关的经济不平等水平变化的结果。在横截面上，数据支持这一假设：生育率下降的地方，经济不平等程度低于生育率高的地方。
It has been long established that the demographic transition began in eighteenth-century France, yet there is no consensus on exactly why fertility declined. This analysis links fertility life histories to wealth at death data for four rural villages in France, 1750-1850. For the first time, the wealth-fertility relationship during the onset of the French fertility decline can be analysed. Where fertility is declining, wealth is a powerful predictor of smaller family size. This article argues that fertility decline in France was a result of changing levels of economic inequality, associated with the 1789 Revolution. In cross-section, the data support this hypothesis: where fertility is declining, economic inequality is lower than where fertility is high.