Children's use of language context in lexical ambiguity resolution
Children's use of language context in lexical ambiguity resolution
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DOI：
10.1080/17470210902866664
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Boland, Julie E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khanna, Maya M.;Boland, Julie E.
对7-10岁的儿童和成人进行了词汇歧义消解实验。在实验1中，受试者在跨情态命名范式中听到了支持平衡歧义词的一种(或两种)意义的句子。语境一致与语境不一致的目标的命名潜伏期以及对目标与句子的关联性的判断被作为适当使用语境的指标。尽管年龄较小的儿童对相关目标的反应更快，而不考虑句子的上下文，但年龄较大的儿童和成年人只对上下文合适的目标进行启动。在实验2中，同音字之前只有一个单词语境，与实验1相比，所有组都表现出语境敏感性。在实验2中还测量了个体的工作记忆广度和抑制能力，执行功能能力越成熟，背景敏感性越强。这些发现支持一个发展模型，即句子语境用于词汇歧义解决的能力随着年龄、认知加工能力和阅读技能的提高而增加。
Lexical ambiguity resolution was examined in children aged 7 to 10 years and adults. In Experiment 1, participants heard sentences supporting one (or neither) meaning of a balanced ambiguous word in a cross-modal naming paradigm. Naming latencies for context-congruent versus context-incongruent targets and judgements of the relatedness of targets to the sentence served as indices of appropriate context use. While younger children were faster to respond to related targets regardless of the sentence context, older children and adults showed priming only for context-appropriate targets. In Experiment 2, only a single-word context preceded the homophone, and in contrast to Experiment 1, all groups showed contextual sensitivity. Individual working-memory span and inhibition ability were also measured in Experiment 2, and more mature executive function abilities were associated with greater contextual sensitivity. These findings support a developmental model whereby sentential context use for lexical ambiguity resolution increases with age, cognitive processing capacity, and reading skill.