Disclosing trauma through writing: Testing the meaning-making hypothesis
Disclosing trauma through writing: Testing the meaning-making hypothesis
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1020353109229
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Blumberg, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, CL;Blumberg, CJ
关于创伤的写作对健康的有益影响有很好的记录，但很少有研究直接研究这些影响发生的潜在机制。本文的主要研究评估了意义形成的潜在机制，定义为改变情境意义（对创伤经历的评价）和全球意义（世界观、人格和应对方式），以减少全球意义和情境意义之间的差异。41名创伤书写参与者和21名非创伤书写对照参与者完成了4天的书写和4个月的随访。对照组的健康状况有所下降，但创伤书写组的健康状况没有下降。随着时间的推移，创伤书写组的评价发生了变化，以反映不那么令人厌恶的情景意义（例如，例如，在一个实施例中，压力更小，威胁更小），他们的认知过程，反映在入侵和回避上，下降了。压力较小的评估和减少的认知处理与改善的健康结果有关。研究结果表明，创伤写作有利于意义的形成。第二项研究检查了在没有写作干预的情况下，第一项研究中使用的几项指标的分数是否在4个月内发生了变化。结果发现，这些措施并没有随着时间的推移而变化。
Salutary effects of writing about trauma on health are well documented, but little research has directly examined the underlying mechanisms by which these effects occur. The principal study in this article assessed the potential underlying mechanism of meaning-making, defined as changing situational meaning (appraisals of the traumatic experience) and global meaning (world views, personality, and coping styles) in order to reduce the discrepancy between global and situational meaning. Forty-one trauma-writing participants and 21 nontrauma-writing control participants completed 4 days of writing and a 4 month follow-up. Decrements in health were noted for the control group but not for the trauma-writing group. Over time, the trauma-writing group's appraisals changed to reflect less aversive situational meaning (e. g., less stressful, less threatening), and their cognitive processing, reflected by intrusions and avoidance, decreased. Less stressful appraisals and reduced cognitive processing were related to improved health outcomes. Results indicate that writing about trauma facilitates the making of meaning. A second study examined whether scores on several measures used in the first study changed across 4 months without a writing intervention. It was found that these measures did not change across time.