Phosphoinositides as regulators of membrane trafficking in health and disease
Phosphoinositides as regulators of membrane trafficking in health and disease
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DOI：
10.1007/s00018-008-8353-2
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
De Matteis, M. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vicinanza, M.;D'Angelo, G.;De Matteis, M. A.
膜转运在高度区域化的真核细胞的动态平衡中起关键作用。这种区划既发生在细胞器水平上，不同的细胞器保持其特性同时也强烈交换成分，也发生在亚细胞器水平上，同一细胞器的相邻亚域包含不同的脂类和蛋白质组。因此，该领域的一个中心问题是，尽管同一细胞器内的成分甚至物理连续性发生了激烈的交换，但如何建立和维持这种划分。磷脂酰肌醇的磷酸化衍生物，又称磷脂酰肌醇，在这种情况下已成为关键成分，既是膜运输的调节者，也是细胞器和亚细胞器区域微调的空间和时间标志。由于相关酶的遗传缺陷导致其代谢紊乱，以及病原体系统性地劫持其代谢以促进其进入和/或在宿主细胞中存活，突显了肌醇磷脂在细胞动态平衡中的中心作用。
Membrane trafficking is crucial in the homeostasis of the highly compartmentalized eukaryotic cells. This compartmentalization occurs both at the organelle level, with distinct organelles maintaining their identities while also intensely interchanging components, and at a sub-organelle level, with adjacent subdomains of the same organelle containing different sets of lipids and proteins. Acentral question in the field is thus how this compartmentalization is established and maintained despite the intense exchange of components and even physical continuities within the same organelle. The phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol, known as the have emerged as key components in this context, both as regulators of membrane trafficking and as finely tuned spatial and temporal landmarks for organelle and sub-organelle domains. The central role of the phosphoinositides in cell homeostasis is highlighted by the severe consequences of the derangement of their metabolism caused by genetic deficiencies of the enzymes involved, and from the systematic hijacking of phosphoinositide metabolism that pathogens operate to promote their entry and/or survival in host cells.