Toward a functional neuroanatomy of semantic aphasia: A history and ten new cases
Toward a functional neuroanatomy of semantic aphasia: A history and ten new cases
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2016.09.012
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Dronkers, Nina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dragoy, Olga;Akinina, Yulia;Dronkers, Nina
大约70年前，亚历山大·卢里亚（Alexander Luria）将语义性失语症纳入了他的失语症分类中，他证明，在句子中连接单词逻辑关系的缺陷可能与计算、空间直觉和实践缺陷等非语言性障碍同时发生。根据他对语言和其他认知功能的全面评估方法，他认为，理解语义可逆的句子和介词短语的缺陷与空间分析和综合受损的单一神经心理因素一致，因为理解这种语法关系也会利用它们的空间关系。重要的是，Luria证明了这种综合征的神经基础，并对左颞顶枕（TPO）交界处的皮质产生了重要影响。在这项研究中，我们报告了10例新的语义性失语症的神经心理和病变概况。现代神经影像学技术为左侧TPO区与语义性失语的相关性提供了支持，但也通过考虑白色物质通路扩展了Luria的神经解剖学模型。我们的研究结果表明，与顶叶连接弓状束（长段和后段），额枕下束，下纵束，上级纵束II和III，胼胝体牵连在语义性失语症患者的语言和非语言缺陷。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Almost 70 years ago, Alexander Luria incorporated semantic aphasia among his aphasia classifications by demonstrating that deficits in linking the logical relationships of words in a sentence could co-occur with non-linguistic disorders of calculation, spatial gnosis and praxis deficits. In line with his comprehensive approach to the assessment of language and other cognitive functions, he argued that deficits in understanding semantically reversible sentences and prepositional phrases, for example, were in line with a single neuropsychological factor of impaired spatial analysis and synthesis, since understanding such grammatical relationships would also draw on their spatial relationships. Critically, Luria demonstrated the neural underpinnings of this syndrome with the critical implication of the cortex of the left temporal-parietal-occipital (TPO) junction. In this study, we report neuropsychological and lesion profiles of 10 new cases of semantic aphasia. Modern neuroimaging techniques provide support for the relevance of the left TPO area for semantic aphasia, but also extend Luria's neuroanatomical model by taking into account white matter pathways. Our findings suggest that tracts with parietal connectivity the arcuate fasciculus (long and posterior segments), the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, the superior longitudinal fasciculus II and III, and the corpus callosum are implicated in the linguistic and non-linguistic deficits of patients with semantic aphasia. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.