Unprecedented degree of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M genetic diversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo suggests that the HIV-1 pandemic originated in Central Africa
Unprecedented degree of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M genetic diversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo suggests that the HIV-1 pandemic originated in Central Africa
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.74.22.10498-10507.2000
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发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Delaporte, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vidal, N;Peeters, M;Delaporte, E
这项研究的目的是记录刚果民主共和国(刚果民主共和国；前扎伊尔)人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)的遗传多样性。1997年在三个地区(金沙萨[首都]、布瓦-曼达[北部]和姆布伊-玛雅[南部])进行的流行病学调查期间收集了247份艾滋病毒-L阳性样本，这些样本的基因特征属于环境病毒V3-V5区域。所有已知的亚型都被发现是共循环的，6%的样本无法识别亚型。A亚型占优势，从北到南发病率递减(北部69%，首都53%，南部46%)。C、D、G和H亚型的流行率从7%到9%，而F、J、K和CRF01-AE亚型毒株占样本的2%到4%；只发现了一个B亚型毒株。C亚型感染率最高(25%)在南方，CRF01-AE主要见于北方。V3-V5亚型间序列的高度变异性是A亚型特异性PCR和HMA(异源双链迁移率分析)效率低(45%)的最可能原因。在62个样本中，有18个(29%)的env和gag亚型名称不一致。对13个样本的整个包膜进行的序列分析证实了DRC中HIV-1毒株的高度多样性和复杂性；9个样本在gp160上具有复杂的重组结构，涉及已知和未知亚型的片段。有趣的是，来自不同菌株的未知片段并没有聚集在一起。总体而言，HIV-1亚型的大量共循环、亚型内的多样性、可能的重组病毒的大量以及不同的未分类毒株都与刚果民主共和国古老而成熟的流行相一致，表明该地区是HIV-1 M群的震中。
The purpose of this study was to document the genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC; formerly Zaire). A total of 247 HIV-l-positive samples, collected during an epidemiologic survey conducted in 1997 in three regions (Kinshasa [the capital], Bwa-manda [in the north], and Mbuyi-Maya [in the south]), were genetically characterized in the env V3-V5 region. All known subtypes were found to cocirculate, and for 6% of the samples the subtype could not be identified. Subtype A is predominant, with prevalences decreasing from north to south (69% in the north, 53% in the capital city, and 46% in the south). Subtype C, D, G, and H prevalences range from 7 to 9%, whereas subtype F, J, K, and CRF01-AE strains represent 2 to 4% of the samples; only one subtype B strain was identified. The highest prevalence (25%) of subtype C was in the south, and CRF01-AE was seen mainly in the north. The high intersubtype variability among the V3-V5 sequences is the most probable reason for the low (45%) efficiency of subtype A-specific PCR and HMA (heteroduplex mobility assay). Eighteen (29%) of 62 samples had discordant subtype designations between env and gag. Sequence analysis of the entire envelope from 13 samples confirmed the high degree of diversity and complexity of HIV-1 strains in the DRC; 9 had a complex recombinant structure in gp160, involving fragments of known and unknown subtypes. Interestingly, the unknown fragments from the different strains did not cluster together. Overall, the high number of HIV-1 subtypes cocirculating, the high intrasubtype diversity, and the high numbers of possible recombinant viruses as well as different unclassified strains are all in agreement with an old and mature epidemic in the DRC, suggesting that this region is the epicenter of HIV-1 group M.