Digital synthesis of free-form multimaterial structures for realization of arbitrary programmed mechanical responses.
Digital synthesis of free-form multimaterial structures for realization of arbitrary programmed mechanical responses.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2120563119
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发表时间：
2022-03-08
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Zhang XS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li W;Wang F;Sigmund O;Zhang XS
对于许多应用，需要创建结构以实现面向功能的机械响应。然而，使用单一材料相和基于材料学的设计可能无法实现特定的目标行为。在这里，通过确定性的算法程序，具有不同属性的多种材料被智能地合成为复合结构，以实现任意指定的响应。创建的结构具有非传统的几何形状和多种材料的无缝集成。尽管几何复杂性和不同的材料相，这些结构是由多材料制造，并进行测试，以证明广泛的非线性响应的物理和准确地实现。在异质组装时，所得到的结构提供了表现出高度复杂但可导航的响应的架构。该方法可用于面向功能的非线性机械装置的设计，如作动器、吸能器等。编程结构以实现在大变形下的任何规定的机械响应对于各种功能（诸如致动和能量捕获）是高度期望的。然而，使用单一的材料相和渐进式开发的结构模式导致有限的设计空间和潜在的失败，以实现特定的目标行为。在这里，通过自由形式的反设计方法，具有不同属性的多种超弹性材料被优化合成为复合结构，以精确地实现任意和极端规定的大变形下的响应。数字合成的结构表现出有机的形状和运动，材料相的不规则分布。在结构中，不同的材料扮演着不同的角色，但通过复杂的变形机制无缝协作，以产生目标行为，其中一些是单一材料无法实现的。虽然复杂的几何形状和材料的异质性，所发现的结构是有效地制造通过多材料制造与不同的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）弹性体具有不同的行为和他们的高度非线性响应的物理和准确地实现在实验中。为了增强可编程性，合成的结构被异质组装成表现出高度复杂但可导航的响应的架构。所提出的合成，多材料制造和异质组装策略可以用来设计面向功能和特定情况的机械设备，用于广泛的应用。
Creating structures to realize function-oriented mechanical responses is desired for many applications. Yet, the use of a single material phase and heuristics-based designs may fail to attain specific target behaviors. Here, through a deterministic algorithmic procedure, multiple materials with dissimilar properties are intelligently synthesized into composite structures to achieve arbitrary prescribed responses. Created structures possess unconventional geometry and seamless integration of multiple materials. Despite geometric complexity and varied material phases, these structures are fabricated by multimaterial manufacturing, and tested to demonstrate that wide-ranging nonlinear responses are physically and accurately realized. Upon heteroassembly, resulting structures provide architectures that exhibit highly complex yet navigable responses. The proposed strategy can benefit the design of function-oriented nonlinear mechanical devices, such as actuators and energy absorbers. Programming structures to realize any prescribed mechanical response under large deformation is highly desired for various functionalities, such as actuation and energy trapping. Yet, the use of a single material phase and heuristically developed structural patterns leads to restricted design space and potential failure to achieve specific target behaviors. Here, through a free-form inverse design approach, multiple hyperelastic materials with distinct properties are optimally synthesized into composite structures to precisely achieve arbitrary and extreme prescribed responses under large deformations. The digitally synthesized structures exhibit organic shapes and motions with irregular distributions of material phases. Within the structures, different materials play distinct roles yet seamlessly collaborate through sophisticated deformation mechanisms to produce the target behaviors, some of which are unachievable by a single material. While complex in geometry and material heterogeneity, the discovered structures are effectively manufactured via multimaterial fabrication with different polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers with distinct behaviors and their highly nonlinear responses are physically and accurately realized in experiments. To enhance programmability, the synthesized structures are heteroassembled into architectures that exhibit highly complex yet navigable responses. The proposed synthesis, multimaterial fabrication, and heteroassembly strategy can be utilized to design function-oriented and situation-specific mechanical devices for a wide range of applications.
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