Visualization of sleep influences on cerebellar and brainstem cardiac and respiratory control mechanisms
Visualization of sleep influences on cerebellar and brainstem cardiac and respiratory control mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00317-8
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Alger, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harper, RM;Woo, MA;Alger, JR
小脑和前庭结构对呼吸和心血管活动有重大影响，特别是在极端挑战的条件下。这些结构以及延髓腹侧表面的影响，在睡眠状态下会有很大的改善。前庭病变消除了在快速眼动陡峭状态下发现的显著的相性自主神经变化，在该状态下，通过光学程序评估的自发延髓腹侧表面活动大大减弱。在快速眼动睡眠状态下，延髓腹侧表面对低血压挑战的神经反应增强，看起来“不受抑制”。功能磁共振成像显示，在人类广泛的大脑区域，特别是在小脑部位，如顶核，对血压挑战的激活。婴儿猝死综合征是一种与睡眠相关的疾病，其中一部分患者似乎死于类似休克性质的心血管衰竭，通常表现为延髓腹侧表面、中缝尾侧中线低血压区域和下橄榄(小脑的主要传入中继区)的神经递质受体缺陷。传入和传出前庭/小脑结构或小脑内的位置可能在婴儿猝死综合征和其他一些睡眠呼吸障碍和心血管综合征中介导失败机制。(C)2000年爱思唯尔科学公司。
Cerebellar and vestibular structures exert substantial influences on breathing and cardiovascular activity, particularly under conditions of extreme challenges. Influences from these structures, as well as from the ventral medullary surface, are greatly modified during sleep states. Vestibular lesions abolish the pronounced phasic autonomic variation found in the rapid eye movement steep state, and spontaneous ventral medullary surface activity, as assessed by optical procedures, is greatly diminished in that state. Neural responses from the ventral medullary surface to hypotensive challenges are enhanced and appear "undampened" during the rapid eye movement sleep state. Functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals activation to blood pressure challenges in widespread brain areas of humans, and especially in cerebellar sites, such as the fastigial nucleus. A subset of victims of sudden infant death syndrome, a sleep-related disorder, appear to succumb from cardiovascular failure of a shock-like nature, and often show neurotransmitter receptor deficiencies in the ventral medullary surface, caudal midline raphe hypotensive regions, and the inferior olive, a major afferent relay to the cerebellum. Afferent and efferent vestibular/cerebellar structures, or sites within the cerebellum may mediate failure mechanisms in sudden infant death syndrome and a number of other sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular syndromes. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc.