The Rediscovery and Complete Excavation of Ördek's Necropolis
The Rediscovery and Complete Excavation of Ördek's Necropolis
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
0.1
通讯作者：
V. Mair
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Mair
1934年夏天，瑞典考古学家福尔克·伯格曼（Folke Bergman）在传说中的迦楼兰遗址以西约100英里的沙漠中发现了一个重要的青铜时代墓地。这座小山形状的墓地后来被称为奥尔德克的墓地，但更准确地说是小河墓地5号（在MSM中被称为“小河墓地”）。伯格曼在1939年发表了一份关于他在墓地调查的详细报告后，该遗址在世纪内无人参观，直到2000年，中国纪录片摄制组使用全球定位系统仪器重新发现了它。在2002年至2005年的三个季度中，小河墓地进行了大规模的挖掘，并发现了大量的纺织品，装饰品，工具和其他文物。此外，三十多具保存完好的木乃伊，连同埋葬他们的棺材，从桑迪中被挖掘出来。这些最新的发现与伯格曼的发现非常接近，但大大增加了它们。虽然分析所有新材料需要数年时间，但我们已经可以从中得出一些重要的推论，关于在这里埋葬死者的社区的宗教信仰和习俗。最近的发掘也为研究死者的民族身份和文化归属提供了丰富的资源。本文是第一篇用英文介绍维吾尔族和中国考古学家在过去五年中进行的调查和发掘的技术性介绍。
In the summer of 1934, the Swedish archeologist, Folke Bergman, discovered an important Bronze Age burial ground in the desert about a hundred miles to the west of the fabled ruins of Kroraina (Uyghur: Kroran; Modern Standard Mandarin [MSM]: Loulan). This hillock-shaped cemetery came to be known as Ordek's Necropolis, but is more precisely referred to as Small River Cemetery Number 5 (in MSM it is called "Xiaohe Mudi"). After Bergman in 1939 published a detailed report on his investigations at the cemetery, the site went unvisited for more than half a century until the year 2000, when it was rediscovered by a Chinese documentary crew using Global Positioning System instrumentation. In the three seasons between 2002 and 2005, the Small River Cemetery has been extensively excavated, and an abundant amount of textiles, ornaments, implements, and other artifacts have been recovered. In addition, more than thirty well-preserved mummies, together with the coffins in which they were buried, were exhumed from the sandy necropolis. These latest findings match those of Bergman very closely, but multiply them greatly. Although it will take years to analyze all of the new materials, already we can draw some important inferences from them about the religious beliefs and practices of the community who buried their dead here. The recent excavations have also yielded rich resources for the study of the ethnic identity and cultural affiliations of the deceased. The present paper is the first technically oriented introduction in English to the surveys and excavations carried out by Uyghur and Chinese archeologists during the past five years.