Dynamics and determinants of land change in India: integrating satellite data with village socioeconomics
Dynamics and determinants of land change in India: integrating satellite data with village socioeconomics
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DOI：
10.1007/s10113-016-1068-2
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Jain, Atul K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Meiyappan, Prasanth;Roy, Parth S.;Jain, Atul K.
我们研究了印度土地变化的动态和空间决定因素，通过整合十年土地覆盖图（1985-1995-2005）从一个墙到墙的分析Landsat图像与时空社会经济数据库类似的63万个村庄在印度。我们加强了我们的结果，通过综合102个案例研究，结合实地知识的土地变化的原因在印度的集体证据。我们专注于耕地休耕土地转换和森林面积的变化（不包括非森林树木类别，包括商业种植园）。我们发现，耕地休耕转换与缺乏灌溉和资本，男性农业劳动力短缺，土地持有的碎片显着相关。我们发现森林总损失量很大，从1985-1995年的23，810 km（2）增加到1995-2005年的25，770 km（2）。森林总收益也从1985-1995年的6 000平方公里增加到1995-2005年的7 440平方公里。总体而言，印度在这两个十年中持续经历了森林净减少18，000公里（2）（毛损失-毛收益）。我们发现，森林损失的主要来源是耕地生产力低的地区（由于土壤退化和缺乏灌溉），其次是工业发展和采矿/采石活动，以及过度的经济依赖的村庄对森林资源的耕地扩张。
We examine the dynamics and spatial determinants of land change in India by integrating decadal land cover maps (1985-1995-2005) from a wall-to-wall analysis of Landsat images with spatiotemporal socioeconomic database for similar to 630,000 villages in India. We reinforce our results through collective evidence from synthesis of 102 case studies that incorporate field knowledge of the causes of land change in India. We focus on cropland-fallow land conversions, and forest area changes (excludes non-forest tree categories including commercial plantations). We show that cropland to fallow conversions are prominently associated with lack of irrigation and capital, male agricultural labor shortage, and fragmentation of land holdings. We find gross forest loss is substantial and increased from similar to 23,810 km(2) (1985-1995) to similar to 25,770 km(2) (1995-2005). The gross forest gain also increased from similar to 6000 km(2) (1985-1995) to similar to 7440 km(2) (1995-2005). Overall, India experienced a net decline in forest by similar to 18,000 km(2) (gross loss-gross gain) consistently during both decades. We show that the major source of forest loss was cropland expansion in areas of low cropland productivity (due to soil degradation and lack of irrigation), followed by industrial development and mining/quarrying activities, and excessive economic dependence of villages on forest resources.