Circadian Rhythms in Man
Circadian Rhythms in Man
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DOI：
10.1136/jramc-114-02-01
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发表时间：
1965-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Aschoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Aschoff
像许多动物一样，人类已经适应了自然环境，以便为白天的高效活动和晚上的休息做好准备。作为这个计划的基础，几乎所有的结构和功能都在24小时内定期发生变化。这种节律已被描述为生理参数，例如血浆中的激素水平、血压和心率、体温和睡眠倾向，以及行为参数，例如情绪、反应时间、计算速度和学习任务的表现。这些节奏通常彼此保持不同的相位关系，这意味着高度的内部时间顺序。原则上，当受试者睡眠不足、饥饿或在一天中的短时间内接受等量的食物时，这种节律得以维持。然而，单餐的时间可能会影响某些变量的模式，睡眠-觉醒周期可能会对节律的瞬时值产生阶段设定和掩蔽效应，尤其是体温和某些激素。
Like many animals, humans have adjusted to the natural environment so as to be prepared for efficient activity during daytime and to rest at night. As the basis of this program, almost all structures and functions undergo regular changes within 24 hours. Such rhythms have been described in physiological parameters, such as hormone levels in blood plasma, blood pressure and heart rate, body temperature, and sleep propensity, and in behavioral parameters, such as mood, reaction time, computation speed, and performance in learning tasks. These rhythms normally keep distinct phase-relationships with each other, implying a high degree of internal temporal order. In principle, this rhythmicity is maintained when subjects are sleep deprived, when they are starved, or when they receive equal amounts of food at short intervals over the day. The timing of single meals, however, may influence the pattern of some variables, and the sleep-wake cycle can have phase-setting as well as masking effects on the instantaneous value of rhythms as especially known for body temperature and some hormones.