Prevalence and predictors of under-nutrition among school children in a rural South-eastern Nigerian community: a cross sectional study
Prevalence and predictors of under-nutrition among school children in a rural South-eastern Nigerian community: a cross sectional study
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-018-5479-5
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发表时间：
2018-05-02
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Udenta, Elizabeth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ayogu, Rufina N. B.;Afiaenyi, Ifeoma C.;Udenta, Elizabeth A.
背景：尼日利亚等发展中国家的学童面临着许多营养和健康问题。尼日利亚埃努古州缺乏有效的学校保健和营养方案，这可能与缺乏有关因素的数据有关。查明这些因素可以为设计和执行旨在改善这些问题的校本方案提供信息。方法：在尼日利亚东南部埃努古州Ede-Oballa农村社区对450名6-15岁的中小学生进行横断面调查。瞳孔的选择采用多阶段抽样技术。通过问卷调查、体重和身高的人体测量、3天体重食物摄入量、粪便显微镜和疟疾、锌和维生素a的血液分析收集数据，采用双变量和多变量logistic回归分析来评估感兴趣的相关性，P < 0.05接受显著性。结果：学龄期儿童体重不足（182%）、发育迟缓（41.6%）、消瘦（20.0%）、缺锌（433%）、维生素A（51.1%）不足。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，每周食物支出是体重不足（AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.46）、发育迟缓（AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.95）和消瘦（AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 030, 0.80）的主要预测因素；家庭收入也是瘦度的预测因子（AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 025, 0.88）。男性发育迟缓的几率低于女性（AOR = 031, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.83）。女性户主家庭体重不足的发生率高于男性户主家庭（AOR = 030, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.75）。绦虫是维生素A （AOR = 3.59; 95% CI: 1.06, 12.13）和锌（AOR = 3.64; 95% CI: 1.02, 12.98）缺乏的独立预测因子。与未感染的儿童相比，患有鞭子虫的儿童更容易缺乏锌（AOR = 3.80; 95% CI: 1.11, 13.04）和维生素A （AOR = 3.79; 95% CI: 1.12, 12.89）。结论：学龄期儿童体重不足、发育迟缓、消瘦、维生素A和锌缺乏与周食物支出、户主性别和家庭收入、绦虫、鞭虫和性别有关。这些发现强调需要有效的学校和社区干预措施。
Background: School children in developing countries like Nigeria are faced with numerous nutrition and health problems. Lack of functional school health and nutrition programmes in Enugu state, Nigeria may be associated with dearth of data on associated factors. Identifying these factors could inform the design and implementation of school-based programmes aimed at ameliorating these problems.Methods: A cross sectional survey involving 450 primary and secondary school children aged 6-15 years was conducted in Ede-Oballa, a rural community in Enugu state, South-eastern Nigeria. Selection of the pupils was by multistage sampling technique. Data were collected through interviewer administered questionnaire, anthropometric measurements of weight and height 3-day weighed food intake, stool microscopy and blood analyses for malaria, zinc and vitamin A. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations of interest with significance accepted at P < 0.05.Results: The school children were affected by underweight (182%), stunting (41.6%), thinness (20.0%), zinc (433%) and vitamin A (51.1%) deficiencies. After adjusting for potential confounders, weekly food expenditure was a major predictor of under-weight (AOR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.46), stunting (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.95) and thinness (AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 030, 0.80); household income was also a predictor of thinness (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 025, 0.88). Males had lower odds of being stunted than females (AOR = 031, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.83). The odd of being underweight was higher in female headed households than in households headed by males (AOR = 030, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.75). Tapeworm was an independent predictor of vitamin A (AOR = 3.59; 95% CI: 1.06, 12.13) and zinc (AOR = 3.64; 95% CI: 1.02, 12.98) deficiencies. Children with whipworm were more likely to be zinc (AOR = 3.80; 95% CI: 1.11, 13.04) and vitamin A (AOR = 3.79; 95% CI: 1.12, 12.89) deficient than those uninfected.Conclusion: Underweight, stunting, thinness, vitamin A and zinc deficiency among the school children were functions of weekly food expenditure, gender of household head and household income, tapeworm, whipworm, and sex. These findings emphasize the need for effective school- and community-based interventions.